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february 2007 rev 4 1/73 73 www.st.com 16/32-bit 96 mhz arm9e based mcu ? arm966e-s risc core: harvard archi- tecture, 5-stage pipeline, tightly-coupled memories (sram and flash) ? str91xf implementation of core adds high- speed burst flash memory interface, instruction prefetch queue, branch cache ? up to 96 mips directly from flash memory ? single-cycle dsp instructions are supported ? binary compatible with 16/32-bit arm7 code dual burst flash memories, 32-bits wide ? 256kb/512kb main flash, 32kb 2nd flash ? sequential burst operation up to 96 mhz ? 100k min erase cycles, 20 yr min retention sram, 32-bits wide ? 64k or 96k bytes, optional battery backup 9 programmable dma channels ? one for ethernet, eight programmable channels clock, reset, and supply management ? two supplies required. core: 1.8 v +/-10%, i/o: 2.7 to 3.6 v ? internal oscillator operating with external 4-25 mhz crystal ? internal pll up to 96mhz ? real-time clock provides calendar functions, tamper detection, and wake-up functions ? reset supervisor monitors voltage supplies, watchdog timer, wake-up unit, ext. reset ? brown-out monitor for early warning interrupt ? run, idle, and sleep mode as low as 50 ua operating temperature -40 to +85c vectored interrupt controller (vic) ? 32 irq vectors, 30 intr pins, any can be fiq ? branch cache minimizes interrupt latency 8-channel, 10-bit a/d converter (adc) ? 0 to 3.6v range, 0.7 usec conversion 11 communication interfaces ? 10/100 ethernet mac with dma and mii port ? usb full-speed (12 mbps) slave device ? can interface (2.0b active) ? 3 16550-style uarts with irda protocol ? 2 fast i 2 c?, 400 khz ? 2 channels for spi?, ssi?, or microwire? ? 8/16-bit emi bus on 128 packages up to 80 i/o pins (muxed with interfaces) ? 5 v tolerant, 16 have high sink current (8 ma) ? bit-wise manipulation of pins within a port 16-bit standard timers (tim) ? 4 timers each with 2 input capture, 2 output compare, pwm and pulse count modes 3-phase induction motor controller (imc) ? 3 pairs of pwm outputs, adjustable centers ? emergency stop, dead-time gen, tach input jtag interface with boundary scan ? arm embeddedice? rt for debugging ? in-system programming (isp) of flash embedded trace module (arm etm9) ? hi-speed instruction tracing, 9-pin interface lqfp80 12 x12mm lqfp128 14 x 14mm str91xf arm966e-s? 16/32-bit flash mcu with ethernet, usb, can, ac motor control, 4 timers, adc, rtc, dma
str91xf 2/73 contents 1 introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2 functional overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.1 system-in-a-package (sip) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.2 package choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.3 arm966e-s cpu core . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.4 burst flash memory interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.4.1 pre-fetch queue (pfq) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.4.2 branch cache (bc) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.4.3 management of literals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.5 sram (64k or 96k bytes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.5.1 arbitration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.5.2 battery backup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.6 dma data movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.7 non-volatile memories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.7.1 primary flash memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.7.2 secondary flash memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.8 one-time-programmable (otp) memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.9 vectored interrupt controller (vic) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.9.1 fiq handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.9.2 irq handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.9.3 interrupt sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.10 clock control unit (ccu) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.10.1 master clock sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.10.2 reference clock (rclk) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.10.3 ahb clock (hclk) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.10.4 apb clock (pclk) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.10.5 flash memory interface clock (fmiclk) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.10.6 baud rate clock (brclk) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.10.7 external memory interface bus clock (bclk) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.10.8 usb interface clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.10.9 ethernet mac clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.10.10 external rtc calibration clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
str91xf 3/73 2.10.11 operation example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.11 flexible power management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.11.1 run mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.11.2 idle mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.11.3 sleep mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.12 voltage supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.12.1 independent a/d converter supply and reference voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.12.2 battery supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.13 system supervisor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.13.1 supply voltage brownout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.13.2 supply voltage dropout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.13.3 watchdog timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.13.4 external reset_inn pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.13.5 power-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.13.6 jtag debug command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.13.7 tamper detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.14 real-time clock (rtc) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.15 jtag interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.15.1 in-system-programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.15.2 boundary scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.15.3 cpu debug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.15.4 jtag security bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2.16 embedded trace module (arm etm9, v. r2p2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2.17 ethernet mac interface with dma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.18 usb 2.0 slave device interface with dma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.18.1 packet buffer interface (pbi) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.18.2 dma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.18.3 suspend mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.19 can 2.0b interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.20 uart interfaces with dma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2.20.1 dma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2.21 i2c interfaces with dma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2.21.1 dma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2.22 ssp interfaces (spi, ssi, and microwire) with dma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2.22.1 dma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
str91xf 4/73 2.23 general purpose i/o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 2.24 a/d converter (adc) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.25 standard timers (tim) with dma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.25.1 dma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 2.26 three-phase induction motor controller (imc) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 2.27 external memory interface (emi) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 3 related documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 4 pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 4.1 default pin functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5 memory mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 5.1 buffered and non-buffered writes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 5.2 system (ahb) and peripheral (apb) buses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 5.3 sram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 5.4 two independent flash memories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 5.4.1 default configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 5.4.2 optional configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 6 electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 6.1 absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 6.2 operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 6.3 lvd electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 6.4 dc electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 6.5 ac electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 6.6 reset_inn and power-on-reset characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 6.7 main oscillator electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 6.8 rtc oscillator electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 6.9 pll electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 6.10 flash memory characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 6.11 emc characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 6.11.1 functional ems (electro magnetic susceptibility) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 6.11.2 electro magnetic interference (emi) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 6.11.3 absolute maximum ratings (electrical sensitivity) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
str91xf 5/73 6.11.4 electro-static discharge (esd) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 6.11.5 static and dynamic latch-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 6.11.6 designing hardened software to avoid noise problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 6.11.7 electrical sensitivities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 6.12 external memory bus timings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 6.13 adc electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 6.14 communication interface electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 6.14.1 10/100 ethernet mac electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 6.14.2 usb electrical interface characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 6.14.3 can interface electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 6.14.4 i2c electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 6.14.5 spi electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 7 package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 7.1 thermal characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 8 ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 9 revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
introduction str91xf 6/73 1 introduction str91xf is a series of arm-powered microcontrollers which combines a 16/32-bit arm966e-s risc processor core, dual-bank flas h memory, large sram for data or code, and a rich peripheral set to form an ideal embedded controller for a wide variety of applications such as point-of-sale terminals, industrial automati on, security and surveillance, vending machines, communication gateways, serial protocol conv ersion, and medical equipment. the arm966e-s core can perform single-cycle dsp instructions, good for speech processing, audio algorithms, and low-end imaging. this datasheet provides str91xf ordering information, functional overview, mechanical information, and electrical device characteristics. for complete information on str91xf memory, registers, and peripherals, please refer to the str91xf reference manual. for information on programming the str91xf flash memory please refer to the str9 flash programming reference manual for information on the arm966e-s core, please refer to the arm966e-s rev. 2 technical reference manual. table 1. device summary features str910f str911f str912f m32x6 w32x6 m42x6 m44x6 w42x6 w44x6 flash kbytes 256+32 256+32 512+32 256+32 512+32 ram - kbytes 64 96 96 peripheral functions can, 40 i/os can, emi, 80 i/os usb, can, 40 i/os ethernet, usb, can, emi, 80 i/os packages lqfp80 lqfp128 lqfp80 lqfp128
str91xf functional overview 7/73 2 functional overview 2.1 system-in-a-package (sip) the str91xf is a sip device, comprised of two stacked die. one die is the arm966e-s cpu with peripheral interfaces and analog functions, and the other die is the burst flash. the two die are connected to each other by a custom high-speed 32-bit burst memory interface and a serial jtag test/programming interface. 2.2 package choice str91xf devices are available in 128-pin (14 x 14 mm) and 80-pin (12 x 12 mm) lqfp packages. refer to the table 1 on page 6 and to table 31 on page 70 for a list of available peripherals for each of the package choices. 2.3 arm966e-s cpu core the arm966e-s core inherently has separate instruction and data memory interfaces (harvard architecture), allowing the cpu to simultaneously fetch an instruction, and read or write a data item through two tightly-coupled memory (tcm) interfaces as shown in figure 1 . the result is streamlined cpu load and store operations and a significant reduction in cycle count per instruction. in addition to this, a 5-stage pipeline is used to increase the amount of operational parallelism, giving the most performance out of each clock cycle. ten dsp-enhanced instruction extensions are su pported by this core, including single-cycle execution of 32x16 multiply-accumulate, saturating addition/subtraction, and count leading- zeros. the arm966e-s core is binary compatible with 32-bit arm7 code and 16-bit thumb ? code. 2.4 burst flash memory interface a burst flash memory interface ( figure 1 ) has been integrated into the instruction tcm (i-tcm) path of the arm966e-s core. also in this path is a 4-instruction pre-fetch queue (pfq) and a 4-entry branch cache (bc), enabling the arm966e-s core to perform up to 96 mips while executing code directly from flash memory. this architecture provides high performance levels without a costly instruction sram, instruction cache, or external sdram. eliminating the instruction cache also means interrupt latency is reduced and code execution becomes more deterministic. 2.4.1 pre-fetch queue (pfq) as the cpu core accesses sequential instructions through the i-tcm, the pfq always looks ahead and will pre-fetch instructio ns, taking advantage any idle bus cycles due to variable length instructions. the pfq will fetch 32-bits at a time from the burst flash memory at a rate of up to 96 mhz.
functional overview str91xf 8/73 2.4.2 branch cache (bc) when instruction addresses are not sequential, such as a program branch situation, the pfq would have to flush and reload which would cause the cpu to stall if no bc were present. before reloading, the pfq checks the bc to see if it contains the desired target branch address. the bc contains up to four of the most recently taken branch addresses and the first four instructions associated with each of these branches. this check is extremely fast, checking all four bc entries simultaneously for a branch ad dress match (cache hit). if there is a hit, the bc rapidly supplies the instruction and reduces the cpu stall. this gives the pfq time to start pre-fetching again while the cpu consumes these four instructions from the bc. the advantage here is that program loops (very common with embedded control applications) run very fast if the address of the loops are contained in the bc. in addition, there is a 5th branch cache entry that is dedicated to the vectored interrupt controller (vic) to further reduce interrupt late ncy by eliminating the stall latency typically imposed by fetching the instruction that reads the interrupt vector address from the vic. 2.4.3 management of literals typical arm architecture and compilers do not pl ace literals (data constants) sequentially in flash memory with the instructions that use them, but instead the literals are placed at some other address which looks like a program branch from the pfq?s point of view. the str91xf implementation of the arm966e-s core has specia l circuitry to prevent flushing the pfq when literals are encountered in program flow to keep performance at a maximum.
str91xf functional overview 9/73 figure 1. str91xf block diagram str91x external memory interface (emi)***, muxed address/data usb* full speed, 10 endpoints with fifos programmable dma controller (8 ch.) ahb to apb pll, power management, and supervisory reset ahb apb 4 mhz to 2 5 mhz xtal usb bus jtag 1.8v 3.0 or 3.3v gnd core supply, vdd i/o supply, vddq (4) 16-bit timers, capcom, pwm 8 channel 10-bit adc can 2.0b (2) spi (2) i2c motor control, 3-ph induction (80) gpio**** (3) uart w/ irda request from uart, i2c, spi, timers, ext re q * usb not available on str910 programmable vectored interrupt controller ethernet** mac, 10/100 dedicated dma to ethernet phy (mii) ** emi ctrl amba / ahba interface control logic / biu and write buffer data tcm interface arm966e-s risc cpu core instruction tcm interface jtag debug and etm 64k or 96k byte sram arbiter burst interface pre-fetch que and branch cache stacked burst flash memory die main flash 256k, or 512k bytes burst interface 2 nd flash 32k bytes jtag isp core gnd, vss real time clock 32.768 khz xtal wake up watchdog tmr ethernet** or 16 gpio etm programmable vectored interrupt controllers 16 mux to 48 gpio 32 48 gnd i/o gnd, vssq avdd avref* avss backup supply vbatt rtc *** emi not available on lqfp80 ** ethernet mac not available on str910 and str911 emi bus*** or 16 gpio **** only 40 gpios on lqfp80 str91x
functional overview str91xf 10/73 2.5 sram (64k or 96k bytes) a 32-bit wide sram resides on the cpu?s data tcm (d-tcm) interface, providing single-cycle data accesses. as shown in figure 1 , the d-tcm shares sram access with the advanced high-performance bus (ahb). sharin g is controlled by simple arbi tration logic to allow the dma unit on the ahb to also access to the sram. 2.5.1 arbitration zero-wait state access occurs for either the d-tcm or the ahb when only one of the two is requesting sram. when both request sram simultaneously, access is granted on an interleaved basis so neither requestor is starved, granting one 32-bit word transfer to each requestor before relinquishing sram to the other. when neither the d-tcm or the ahb are requesting sram, the arbiter leaves access grant ed to the most recent user (if d-tcm was last to use sram then the d-tcm will not have to arbitrate to get access next time). the cpu may execute code from sram through the ahb. there are no wait states as long as the d-tcm is not contending for sram access and the ahb is not sharing bandwidth with peripheral traffic. the arm966e-s cpu core has a small pre-fetch queue built into this instruction path through the ahb to look ahead and fetch instructions during idle bus cycles. 2.5.2 battery backup when a battery is connected to the designated battery backup pin (vbatt), sram contents are automatically preserved when the normal operating voltage on vdd pins is lost or sags below threshold. automatic switchover to sram can be disabled by firmware if it is desired that the battery will power only the rtc and not the sram during standby. 2.6 dma data movement dma channels on the advanced high-performance bus (ahb) take full advantage of the separate data path provided by the harvard architecture, moving data rapidly and largely independent of the instruction path. there are two dma units, one is dedicated to move data between the ethernet interface and sram, the other dma unit has eight programmable channels with 16 request signals to service other peripherals and interfaces (usb, ssp, i2c, uart, timers, emi, and external request pins). both single word and burst dma transfers are supported. memory-to-memory transfers are supported in addition to memory-peripheral transfers. dma access to sram is shared wit h d-tcm accesses, and arbitration is described in section 2.5.1 . efficient dma transfers are managed by firmware using linked list descriptor tables. of the 16 dma request signals, two are assigned to external inputs. the dma unit can move data between external devices and resources inside the str91xf through the emi bus. 2.7 non-volatile memories there are two independent 32-bit wide burst flash memories enabling true read-while-write operation. the flash memories are single-voltage erase/program with 20 year minimum data retention and 100k minimum erase cycles. the primary flash memory is much larger than the secondary flash. both flash memories are blank when devices are shipped from st. the cpu can boot only from flash memory (configurable selection of which flash bank).
str91xf functional overview 11/73 flash memories are programmed half-word (16 bits) at a time, but are erased by sector or by full array. 2.7.1 primary flash memory using the str91xf device configuration software tool and 3rd party integrated developer environments, it is possible to specify that the primary flash memory is the default memory from which the cpu boots at reset, or otherwise specify that the secondary flash memory is the default boot memory. this choice of boot memory is non-volatile and stored in a location that can be programmed and changed only by jtag in-system programming. see section 5: memory mapping , for more detail. the primary flash memory has equal length 64k byte sectors. devices with 256 kbytes of primary flash have four sectors and 512k devices have eight sectors. 2.7.2 secondary flash memory the smaller of the two flash memories can be used to implement a bootloader, capable of storing code to perform robust in-application programming (iap) of the primary flash memory. the cpu executes code from the secondary flash, while updating code in the primary flash memory. new code for the primary flash memory can be downloaded over any of the interfaces on the str91xf (usb, ethernet, can, uart, etc.) additionally, the secondary flash memory may also be used to store small data sets by emulating eeprom though firmware, eliminatin g the need for external eeprom memories. this raises the data security level because passcodes and other sensitive information can be securely locked inside the str91xf device. the secondary flash memory is 32 kbytes and has four equal length sectors of 8 kbytes each. both the primary flash memory and the secondary flash memory can be programmed with code and/or data using the jtag in-system programming (isp) channel, totally independent of the cpu. this is excellent for iterative code development and for manufacturing. 2.8 one-time-programmable (otp) memory there are 32 bytes of otp memory ideally suited for serial numbers, security keys, factory calibration constants, or other permanent data constants. these otp data bytes can be programmed only one time through either the jtag interface or by the cpu, and these bytes can never be altered afterwards. as an option, a ?lock bit? can be set by the jtag interface or the cpu which will block any further writing to the this otp area. the ?lock bit? itself is also otp. if the otp array is unlocked, it is always possible to go back and write to an otp byte location that has not been previously written, but it is never possible to change an otp byte location if any one bit of that particular byte has been written before. the last two otp bytes are reserved for the str91xf product id and revision level. byte 30 contains the device revision level. for str91xf devices, the revision is 0x13. 2.9 vectored interru pt controller (vic) interrupt management in the str91xf is implemented from daisy-chaining two standard arm vic units. this combined vic has 32 prioritized interrupt request channels and generates two
functional overview str91xf 12/73 interrupt output signals to the cpu. the output signals are fiq and irq, with fiq having higher priority. 2.9.1 fiq handling fiq (fast interrupt request) is the only non-vectored interrupt and the cpu can execute an interrupt service routine (isr) directly without having to determine/prioritize the interrupt source, minimizing isr latency. typically only on e interrupt source is assigned to fiq. an fiq interrupt has its own set of banked registers to minimize the time to make a context switch. any of the 32 interrupt request input signals coming into the vic can be assigned to fiq. 2.9.2 irq handling irq is a vectored interrupt and is the logical or of all 32 interrupt request signals coming into the 32 irq channels. priority of individual vectored interrupt requests is determined by hardware (irq channel intr 0 is highest priority, irq channel intr 31 is lowest). however, cpu firmware may re-assign individual interrupt sources to individual hardware irq channels, meaning that firmware can effectively change interrupt priority levels as needed. when the irq signal is activate d by an interrupt request, vi c hardware will resolve the irq interrupt priority, then the isr reads the vic to determine both the interrupt source and the vector address to jump to the service code. the str91xf has a feature to reduce isr response time for irq interrupts. typically, it requires two memory accesses to read the interrupt vector address from the vic, but the str91xf reduces this to a single access by adding a 5th entry in the instruction branch cache, dedicated for interrupts. this 5th cache entry always holds the instruction that reads the interrupt vector address from the vic, eliminating one of the memory accesses typically required in traditional arm implementations. 2.9.3 interrupt sources the 32 interrupt request signals coming into the vic on 32 irq channels are from various sources; 5 from a wake-up unit and the remaining 27 come from internal sources on the str91xf such as on-chip peripherals, see ta b l e 2 . optionally, firmware may force an interrupt on any irq channel. one of the 5 interrupt requests generated by the wake-up unit (irq25 in ta bl e 2 ) is derived from the logical or of all 32 inputs to the wake-up unit. any of these 32 inputs may be used to wake up the cpu and cause an interrupt. these 32 inputs consist of 30 external interrupts on selected and enabled gpio pins, plus the rtc interrupt, and the usb resume interrupt. each of 4 remaining interrupt requests generated by the wake-up unit (irq26 in ta b l e 2 ) are derived from groupings of 8 interrupt sources. one group is from gpio pins p3.2 to p3.7 plus the rtc interrupt and the usb resume interrupt; the next group is from pins p5.0 to p5.7; the next group is from pins p6.0 to p6.7; and last the group is from pins p7.0 to p7.7. this allows individual pins to be assigned directly to vectored irq interrupts or one pin assigned directly to the non-vectored fiq interrupt.
str91xf functional overview 13/73 see ta b l e 2 for recommended interrupt source assignments to physical irq interrupt channels. interrupt source assignments are made by cpu firmware during initialization, thus establishing interrupt priorities. table 2. recommended irq channel assignments (set by cpu firmware) vic irq channel logic block interrupt source 0 (high priority) watchdog timeout in wdt mode, terminal count in counter mode 1 cpu firmware firmware generated interrupt 2 cpu core debug receive command 3 cpu core debug transmit command 4 tim timer 0 logic or of ici0_0, ic i0_1, oci0_0, oci0_1, timer overflow 5 tim timer 1 logic or of ici1_0, ic i1_1, oci1_0, oci1_1, timer overflow 6 tim timer 2 logic or of ici2_0, ic i2_1, oci2_0, oci2_1, timer overflow 7 tim timer 3 logic or of ici3_0, ic i3_1, oci3_0, oci3_1, timer overflow 8 usb logic or of high priority usb interrupts 9 usb logic or of low priority usb interrupts 10 ccu logic or of all interrupts from clock control unit 11 ethernet mac logic or of ethernet mac interrupts via its own dedicated dma channel. 12 dma logic or of interrupts from each of the 8 individual dma channels 13 can logic or of all can interface interrupt sources 14 imc logic or of 8 induction motor control un it interrupts 15 adc end of atod conversion interrupt 16 uart0 logic or of 5 interrupts from uart channel 0 17 uart1 logic or of 5 interrupts from uart channel 1 18 uart2 logic or of 5 interrupts from uart channel 2 19 i2c0 logic or of transmit, receive, and error interrupts of i2c channel 0 20 i2c1 logic or of transmit, receive, and error interrupts of i2c channel 1 21 ssp0 logic or of all interrupts from ssp channel 0 22 ssp1 logic or of all interrupts from ssp channel 1 23 brownout lvd warning interrupt 24 rtc logic or of alarm, tamper, or periodic timer interrupts 25 wake-up (all) logic or of all 32 inputs of wake-up unit (30 pins, rtc, and usb resume) 26 wake-up group 0 logic or of 8 interrupt sources: rtc, usb resume, pins p3.2 to p3.7 27 wake-up group 1 logic or of 8 in terrupts from pins p5.0 to p5.7 28 wake-up group 2 logic or of 8 in terrupts from pins p6.0 to p6.7 29 wake-up group 3 logic or of 8 in terrupts from pins p7.0 to p7.7 30 usb usb bus resume wake-up (also input to wake-up unit) 31 (low priority) pfq-bc special use of interrupts from prefetch queue and branch cache
functional overview str91xf 14/73 2.10 clock control unit (ccu) the ccu generates a master clock of frequency f mstr . from this master clock the ccu also generates individually scaled and gated clock sources to each of the following functional blocks within the str91xf. cpu, f cpuclk advanced high-performance bus (ahb), f hclk advanced peripheral bus (apb), f pclk flash memory interface (fmi), f fmiclk external memory interface (emi), f bclk uart baud rate generators, f baud usb, f usb 2.10.1 master clock sources the master clock in the ccu (f mstr ) is derived from one of three clock input sources. under firmware control, the cpu can switch between the three ccu inputs without introducing any glitches on the master clock output. inputs to the ccu are: main oscillator (f osc ). the source for the main oscillato r input is a 4 to 25 mhz external crystal connected to str91xf pins x1_cpu a nd x2_cpu, or an external oscillator device connected to pin x1_cpu. pll (f pll ). the pll takes the 4 to 25 mhz oscillato r clock as input and generates a master clock output up to 96 mhz (programmable). by default, at power-up the master clock is sourced from the main oscillator until the pll is ready (locked) and then the cpu may switch to the pll source under firmware co ntrol. the cpu can switch back to the main oscillator source at any time and turn off the pll for low-power op eration. the pll is always turned off in sleep mode. rtc (f rtc ). a 32.768 khz external crystal can be connected to pins x1_rtc and x2_rtc, or an external oscillator connected to pin x1_rtc to constantly run the real-time clock unit. this 32.768 khz clock source can also be used as an input to the ccu to run the cpu in slow clock mode for reduced power. as an option, there are a number of peripherals that do not have to receive a clock sourced from the ccu. the usb interface can receive an external clock on pin p2.7, tim timers tim0/ tim1 can receive an external clock on pin p2.4, and timers tim2/tim3 on pin p2.5.
str91xf functional overview 15/73 figure 2. clock control 2.10.2 reference clock (rclk) the main clock (f mstr ) can be divided to operate at a slower frequency reference clock (rclk) for the arm core and all the peripherals. the rclk provides the divided clock for the arm core, and feeds the dividers for the ahb, apb, external memory interface, and fmi units. 2.10.3 ahb clock (hclk) the rclk can be divided by 1, 2 or 4 to generate the ahb clock. the ahb clock is the bus clock for the ahb bus and all bus transfers are synchronized to this clock. the maximum hclk frequency is 96 mhz. 2.10.4 apb clock (pclk) the rclk can be divided by 1, 2, 4 or 8 to generate the apb clock. the apb clock is the bus clock for the apb bus and all bus transfers are synchronized to this clock. many of the peripherals that are connected to the ahb bus also use the pclk as the source for external bus data transfers. the maximum pclk frequency is 48 mhz. 2.10.5 flash memory in terface clock (fmiclk) the fmiclk clock is an internal clock derived from rclk, defaulting to rclk frequency at power up. the clock can be optionally divided by 2. the fmiclk determines the bus bandwidth between the arm core and the flash memory. typically, codes in the flash memory can be fetched one word per fmiclk clock in burst mode. the maximum fmiclk frequency is 96mhz. mii_phyclk 25mhz physel x1_cpu x1_cpu x1_rtc x2_rtc extclk_t0t1 extclk_t2t3 usb_clk48m 4-25mhz 48mhz main osc rtc osc 16-bit prescaler 16-bit prescaler f osc pll 32.768 khz f rtc timer 0 & 1 f pll f mstr master clk 1/2 1/2 rclk div (1,2,4,8,16,1024) brclk to ua rt usbclk to u s b rclk ahb div (1,2,4) apb div) (1,2,4,8) 1/2 hclk pclk fmiclk cpuclk timer 2 & 3 1/2 emi_bclk jrtclk rtcsel 4.096 khz div8
functional overview str91xf 16/73 2.10.6 baud rate clock (brclk) the baud rate clock is an internal clock derived from f mstr that is used by the three on-chip uart peripherals for baudrate generation. the frequency can be optionally divided by 2. 2.10.7 external memory interface bus clock (bclk) the bclk is an internal clock that controls the emi bus. all emi bus signals are synchronized to the bclk. the bclk is derived from the hclk and the frequency can be configured to be the same or half that of the hclk. refer to table9 on page50 for the maximum bclk frequency (f bclk ). 2.10.8 usb interface clock special consideration regarding the usb interface: the clock to the usb interface must operate at 48 mhz and comes from one of three sources, selected under firmware control: ccu master clock output of 48 mhz. ccu master clock output of 96 mhz. an optional divided-by-two circuit is available to produce 48 mhz for the usb while the cpu system runs at 96mhz. str91xf pin p2.7. an external 48 mhz osc illator connected to pi n p2.7 can directly source the usb while the ccu master clock can run at some frequency other than 48 or 96 mhz. 2.10.9 ethernet mac clock special consideration regarding the ethernet mac: the external ethernet phy interface device requires it?s own 25 mhz clock source. this clock can come from one of two sources: a 25 mhz clock signal coming from a dedicated output pin (p5.2) of the str91xf. in this case, the str91xf must use a 25 mhz signal on its main oscillator in put in order to pass this 25 mhz clock back out to the phy device through pin p5.2. the advantage here is that an inexpensive 25 mhz crystal may be used to source a clock to both the str91xf and the external phy device. an external 25 mhz oscillator connected direct ly to the external phy interface device. in this case, the str91xf can o perate independent of 25 mhz. 2.10.10 external rtc calibration clock the rtc_clk (f rtc/8 ) can be enabled as an output on the jrtck pin. the rtc_clk is used for rtc oscillator calibration. the rtc_clk is active in sl eep mode and can be used as a system wake up control clock. 2.10.11 operation example as an example of ccu operation, a 25 mhz crys tal can be connected to the main oscillator input on pins x1_cpu and x2_cpu, a 32.768 khz crystal connected to pins x1_rtc and x2_rtc, and the clock input of an external ethernet phy device is connected to str91xf output pin p5.2. in this case, the ccu can run the cpu at 96 mhz from pll, the usb interface at 48 mhz, and the ethernet interface at 25 mhz. the rtc is always running in the background at 32.768 khz, and the cpu can go to very low power mode dynamically by running from 32.768 khz and shutting off peripheral clocks and the pll as needed.
str91xf functional overview 17/73 2.11 flexible power management the str91xf offers configurable and flexible power management control that allows the user to choose the best power option to fit the application. power consumption can be dynamically managed by firmware and hardware to match the system?s requirements. power management is provided via clock control to the cpu and individual peripherals. clocks to the cpu and peripherals can be individually divided and gated off as needed. in addition to individual clock divisors, the ccu master clock source going to the cpu, ahb, apb, emi, and fmi can be divided dynamically by as much as 1024 for low power operation. additionally, the ccu may switch its input to the 32.768 khz rtc clock at any time for low power. the str91xf supports the following three global power control modes: run mode: all clocks are on with option to gate individual clocks off via clock mask registers. idle mode: cpu and fmi clocks are off until an interrupt, reset, or wake-up occurs. pre- configured clock mask registers selectively allow individual peripheral clocks to continue run during idle mode. sleep mode: all clocks off except rtc clock. wake up unit remains powered, pll is forced off. a special mode is used when jtag debug is active which never gates off any clocks even if the cpu enters idle or sleep mode. 2.11.1 run mode this is the default mode after any reset occurs. firmware can gate off or scale any individual clock. also available is a special interrupt mode which allows the cpu to automatically run full speed during an interrupt service and return back to the selected cpu clock divisor rate when the interrupt has been serviced. the advantage here is that the cpu can run at a very low frequency to conserve power until a periodic wake-up event or an asynchronous interrupt occurs at which time the cp u runs full speed immediately. 2.11.2 idle mode in this mode the cpu suspends code execution and the cpu and fmi clocks are turned off immediately after firmware sets the idle bit. various peripherals continue to run based on the settings of the mask registers that exist just prior to entering idle mode. there are 3 ways to exit idle mode and return to run mode: any reset (external reset pin, watchdog, low-voltage, power-up, jtag debug command) any interrupt (external, internal peripheral, rtc alarm or interval) input from wake-up unit on gpio pins note: it is possible to remain in idle mode for the majority of the time and the rtc can be programmed to periodically wake up to perform a brief task or check status. 2.11.3 sleep mode in this mode all clock circuits except the rt c are turned off and main oscillator input pins x1_cpu and x2_cpu are disabled. the rtc clock is required for the cpu to exit sleep mode. the entire chip is quiescent (except for rtc and wake-up circuitry). there are three means to exit sleep mode and re-start the system:
functional overview str91xf 18/73 some resets (external reset pin, low-voltage, power-up, jtag debug command) rtc alarm input from wake-up unit 2.12 voltage supplies the str91xf requires two separate operating voltage supplies. the cpu and memories operate from a 1.65v to 2.0v on the vdd pins, and the i/o ring operates at 2.7v to 3.6v on the vddq pins. 2.12.1 independent a/d converte r supply and reference voltage the adc unit on 128-pin packages has an isolated analog voltage supply input at pin avdd to accept a very clean voltage source, independent of the digital voltage supplies. the analog voltage supply range on pin avdd is the same range as the digital voltage supply on pin vddq. additionally, an isolated analog supply gr ound connection is prov ided on pin avss only on 128-pin packages for further adc supply isolation. on 80-pin packages, the analog voltage supply is shared with the adc reference voltage pin (as described next), and the analog ground is shared with the digita l ground at a single point in th e str91xf device on pin avss_vssq. a separate external analog reference voltage input for the adc unit is available on 128-pin packages at the avref pin for better accuracy on low voltage inputs, and the voltage on avref can range from 1.0v to v ddq . for 80-pin packages, the adc reference voltage is tied internally to the adc unit supply voltage at pin avcc_avref, meaning the adc reference voltage is fixed to the adc unit supply voltage. 2.12.2 battery supply an optional stand-by voltage from a battery or other source may be connected to pin vbatt to retain the contents of sram in the event of a loss of the v dd supply. the sram will automatically switch its s upply from the internal v dd source to the vbatt pin when the voltage of v dd drops below that of vbatt. the vbatt pin also supplies power to the rtc un it, allowing the rtc to function even when the main digital supplies (v dd and v ddq ) are switched off. by configuring the rtc register, it is possible to select whether or not to power from vbatt only the rtc unit, or power the rtc unit and the sram when the str91xf device is powered off.
str91xf functional overview 19/73 2.13 system supervisor the str91xf monitors several system and en vironmental inputs an d will generate a global reset, a system reset, or an interrupt based on the nature of the input and configurable settings. a global reset clears all functi ons on the str91xf, a system reset will clear all but the clock control unit (ccu) settings a nd the system status register. at any time, firmware may reset individual on-chip peripherals. system supervisor inputs include: gr: cpu voltage supply (v dd ) drop out or brown out gr: i/o voltage supply (v ddq ) drop out or brown out gr: power-up condition sr: watchdog timer timeout sr: external reset pin (reset_inn) sr: jtag debug reset command note: gr: means the input causes global rese t, sr: means the input causes system reset the cpu may read a status register after a reset event to determine if the reset was caused by a watchdog timer timeout or a voltage supply drop out. this status register is cleared only by a power up reset. 2.13.1 supply voltage brownout each operating voltage source (v dd and v ddq ) is monitored separately by the low voltage detect (lvd) circuitry. the lvd will generate an early warning interrupt to the cpu when voltage sags on either v dd or v ddq voltage inputs. this is an advantage for battery powered applications because the system can perform an orderly shutdown before the batteries become too weak. the voltage trip point to cause a brow n out interrupt is typically 0.25v above the lvd dropout thresholds that cause a reset. cpu firmware may prevent all brown-out interrupts by writing to interrupt mask registers at run- time. 2.13.2 supply voltage dropout lvd circuitry will always cause a global reset if the cpu?s v dd source drops below it?s fixed threshold of 1.4v. however, the lvd trigger threshold to cause a global reset for the i/o ring?s v ddq source is set to one of two different levels, depending if v ddq will be operated in the range of 2.7v to 3.3v, or 3.0v to 3.6v. if v ddq operation is at 2.7v to 3.3v, the lvd dropout trigger threshold is 2.4v. if v ddq operation is 3.0v and 3.6v, the lvd threshold is 2.7v. the choice of trigger level is made by str91xf device configuration software from stmicroelectronics or ide from 3rd parties, and is programmed into the str91xf device along with other configurable items through the jtag interface when the flash memory is programmed. cpu firmware may prevent some lvd resets if desired by writing a control register at run-time. firmware may also disable the lvd completely for lowest-power operation when an external lvd device is being used. 2.13.3 watchdog timer the str91xf has a 16-bit down-counter (not one of the four tim timers) that can be used as a watchdog timer or as a general purpose free-running timer/counter. the clock source is the
functional overview str91xf 20/73 peripheral clock from the apb, and an 8-bit clock pre-scaler is available. when enabled by firmware as a watchdog, this timer will cause a s ystem reset if firmware fails to periodically reload this timer before the terminal count of 0x0000 occurs, ensuring firmware sanity. the watchdog function is off by default after a reset and must be enabled by firmware. 2.13.4 external reset_inn pin this input signal is active-low with hystereses (v rhys ). other open-drain, active-low system reset signals on the circuit board (such as closure to ground from a push-button) may be connected directly to the reset_inn pin, but an exte rnal pull-up resistor to v ddq must be present as there is no intern al pullup on the reset_inn pin. a valid active-low input signal of t rinmin duration on the reset_inn pin will cause a system reset within the str91xf. there is also a r eset_outn pin on the str91xf that can drive other system components on th e circuit board. reset_outn is active-low and has the same timing of the power-on-reset (por) shown next, t por . 2.13.5 power-up the lvd circuitry will always gen erate a global reset when t he str91xf powers up, meaning internal reset is active until v ddq and v dd are both above the lvd thresholds. this por condition has a duration of t por , after which the cpu will fetch its first instruction from address 0x0000.0000 in flash memory. it is not possible for the cpu to boot from any other source other than flash memory. 2.13.6 jtag debug command when the str91xf is in jtag debug mode, an external device which controls the jtag interface can command a system reset to the str91xf over the jtag channel. 2.13.7 tamper detection on 128-pin str91xf devices only, there is a tamper detect input pin, tamper_in, used to detect and record the time of a tamper event on the end product such as malicious opening of an enclosure, unwanted opening of a panel, etc. the activation mode of the tamper pin is programmable to one of two modes. one is no rmally closed/tamper open, the other mode will detect when a signal on the tamper input pin is driven from low-to-high, or high-to-low depending on firmware configuration. once a tamper event occurs, the rtc time (millisecond resolution) and the date are recorded in the rtc unit. simultaneously, the sram standby voltage source will be cut off to invalidate all sram conten ts. tamper detect ion control and status logic are part of the rtc unit. 2.14 real-time clock (rtc) the rtc combines the functions of a complete time-of-day clock (millis econd resolution) with an alarm programmable up to one month, a 9999-year calender with leap-year support, periodic interrupt generation from 1 to 512 hz, tamper detection (described in section 2.13.7 ), and an optional clock calibration output on the jrtck pin. the time is in 24 hour mode, and time/calendar values are stored in binary-coded decimal format. the rtc also provides a self-isolation mode that is automatically activated during power down. this feature allows the rtc to continue operation when v ddq and v dd are absent, as long as
str91xf functional overview 21/73 an alternate power source, such as a battery, is connected to the vbatt input pin. the current drawn by the rtc unit on the vbatt pin is very low in this standby mode, i rtc_stby . 2.15 jtag interface an ieee-1149.1 jtag interface on the str91xf pr ovides in-system-prog ramming (isp) of all memory, boundary scan testi ng of pins, and the capability to debug the cpu. str91xf devices are shipped from st with blank flash memories. the cpu can only boot from flash memory (selection of which flash bank is programmable). firmware must be initially programmed through jtag into one of these flash memories before the str91xf is used. six pins are used on this jtag serial interface. the five signals jtdi, jtdo, jtms, jtck, and jtrstn are all standard jtag signals complyin g with the ieee-1149.1 sp ecification. the sixth signal, jrtck (return tck), is an output from the str91xf and it is used to pace the jtck clock signal coming in from the external jtag test equipment for debugging. the frequency of the jtck clock signal coming from the jtag test equipment must be at least 10 times less than the arm966e-s cpu core operating frequency (f cpuclk ). to ensure this, the signal jrtck is output from the str91xf and is input to the external jtag test equipment to hold off transitions of jtck until the cpu core is ready, meaning that the jtag equipment cannot send the next rising edge of jtck until the equipment receives a rising edge of jrtck from the str91xf. the jtag test equipment must be able to interpret the signal jrtck and perform this adaptive clocking function. if it is known that the cp u clock will always be at least ten times faster than the incoming jtck clock signal, then the jrtck signal is not needed. the two die inside the str91xf (cpu die and flash memory die) are internally daisy-chained on the jtag bus, see figure 3 on page 22 . the cpu die has two jtag test access ports (taps), one for boundary scan functions and one for arm cpu debug. the flash memory die has one tap for program/erase of non-volatile memory. because these three taps are daisy- chained, only one tap will conver se on the jtag bus at any gi ven time while the other two taps are in bypass mode. the tap positioning order within this jtag chain is the boundary scan tap first, followed by the arm debug tap, followed by the flash tap. all three tap controllers are reset simultaneously by one of two methods: a chip-level global reset, caused only by a power-on-reset (por) or a low voltage detect (lvd). a reset command issued by the external jtag test equipment. this can be the assertion of the jtag jtrstn input pin on the str91xf or a jtag reset command shifted into the str91xf serially. this means that chip-level system resets fr om watchdog time-out or the assertion of reset_inn pin do not affect th e operation of any jtag tap co ntroller. only global resets effect the taps.
functional overview str91xf 22/73 figure 3. jtag chaining inside the str91xf 2.15.1 in-system-programming the jtag interface is used to program or erase all memory areas of the str91xf device. the pin reset_inn must be asserted during isp to prevent the cpu from fetching invalid instructions while the flash memories are being programmed. note that the 32 bytes of otp memory locations cannot be erased by any means once programmed by jtag isp or the cpu. 2.15.2 boundary scan standard jtag boundary scan test ing compliant with ieee- 1149.1 is availabl e on the majority of pins of the str91xf for circuit board test during manufacture of the end product. str91xf pins that are not serviced by boundary scan are the following: jtag pins jtck, jtms, jtdi, jtdo, jtrstn, jrtck oscillator input pins x1_cpu, x2_cpu, x1_rtc, x2_rtc tamper detect input pin tamper_in (128-pin packages only) 2.15.3 cpu debug the arm966e-s cpu core has standard arm embeddedice-rt logic, allowing the str91xf to be debugged through the jtag interface. this provides advanced debugging features making it easier to develop application firmware, operating systems, and the hardware itself. jtdi jtms jtck jtdo tdi tms tck tdo tdo tms tck tdi jtag tap controller #1 jtag tap controller #3 burst flash memory die arm966es die boundary scan str91xx jtrstn trst tdi tms tck tdo jtag tap controller #2 cpu debug trst jrtck trst main flash secondary flash jtag instruction register length: 5 bits for tap #1 4 bits for tap #2 jtag instruction register length is 8 bits
str91xf functional overview 23/73 debugging requires that an external host computer, running debug software, is connected to the str91xf target system via hardware which converts the stream of debug data and commands from the host system?s protocol (usb, ethernet, etc.) to the jtag embeddedice- rt protocol on the str91xf. these protocol converters are commercially available and operate with debugging software tools. the cpu may be forced into a debug state by a breakpoint (code fetch), a watchpoint (data access), or an external debug request over the jtag channel, at which time the cpu core and memory system are effectively stopped and isolated from the rest of the system. this is known as halt mode and allows the internal state of the cpu core, memory, and peripherals to be examined and manipulated. typical debug functions are supported such as run, halt, and single-step. the embeddedice-rt logic supports two hardware compare units. each can be configured to be either a watchpoint or a breakpoint. breakpoints can also be data-dependent. debugging (with some limitations ) may also occur through the jtag interface while the cpu is running full speed, known as monitor mode. in this case, a breakpoint or watchpoint will not force a debug state and halt the cpu, but inst ead will cause an exception which can be tracked by the external host computer running monitor software. data can be sent and received over the jtag channel without affecting normal instruction execution. time critical code, such as interrupt service routines may be debugged real-time using monitor mode. 2.15.4 jtag security bit this is a non-volatile bit (flash memory based), which when set will not allow the jtag debugger or jtag programmer to read the flash memory contents. using jtag isp, this bit is typically programmed during manufacture of the end product to prevent unwanted future access to firmware intellectual property. the jtag security bit can be cleared only by a jtag ?full chip erase? command, making the str91xf device blank and ready for programming again. the cpu can read the status of the jtag security bit, but it may not change the bit value. 2.16 embedded trace module (arm etm9, v. r2p2) the etm9 interface provides greater visibility of instruct ion and data flow happening inside the cpu core by streaming compressed data at a very high rate from the str91xf though a small number of etm9 pins to an external trace port analyzer (tpa) device. the tpa is connected to a host computer using usb, ethernet, or other high-speed channel. real-time instruction flow and data activity can be recorded and later formatted and displayed on the host computer running debugger software, and this software is typically integrated with the debug software used for embeddedice-rt functions such as single-step, breakpoints, etc. tracing may be triggered and filtered by many sources, such as instruction address comparators, data watchpoints, context id comparators, and counters. state sequencing of up to three triggers is also provided. tpa hardware is commercially available and operates with debugging software tools. the etm9 interface is nine pins total, four of which are data lines, and all pins can be used for gpio after tracing is no longer needed. the etm9 interface is used in conjunction with the jtag interface for trace configuration. when tracing begins, the etm9 engine compresses the data by various means before broadcasting data at high speed to the tpa over the four data lines. the most common etm9 compression technique is to only output address information when the cpu branches to a location that cannot be inferred from the source code. this means
functional overview str91xf 24/73 the host computer must have a static image of the code being executed for decompressing the etm9 data. because of this, self-modified code cannot be traced. 2.17 ethernet mac interface with dma str91xf devices in 128-pin pa ckages provide an ieee-802.3- 2002 compliant media access controller (mac) for ethernet lan communications through an industry standard medium independent interface (mii). the str91xf requires an external ethernet physical interface device (phy) to connect to the physical la n bus (twisted-pair, fiber, etc.). the phy is connected to the str91xf mii port using as many as 18 signals (see pins which have signal names mii_* in ta bl e 3 ). the mac corresponds to the osi data link layer and the phy corresponds to the osi physical layer. the str91xf mac is responsible for: data encapsulation, including frame assembly before transmission, and frame parsing/ error detection during and after reception. media access control, including initiation of frame transmission and recover from transmission failure. the str91xf mac includes the following features: supports 10 and 100 mbps rates tagged mac frame support (vlan support) half duplex (csma/cd) and full duplex operation mac control sublayer (control frames) support 32-bit crc generation and removal several address filtering modes for physical and multicast address (multicast and group addresses) 32-bit status code for each transmitted or received frame internal fifos to buffer transmit and receive frames. transmit fifo depth is 4 words (32 bits each), and the receive fifo is 16 words deep. a 32-bit burst dma channel residing on the ahb is dedicated to the ethernet mac for high- speed data transfers, side-stepping the cpu for minimal cpu impact during transfers. this dma channel includes the following features: direct sram to mac transfers of transmit frames with the related status, by descriptor chain direct mac to sram transfers of receive frames with the related status, by descriptor chain open and closed descriptor chain management 2.18 usb 2.0 slave device interface with dma the str91xf provides a usb slave controller that implements both the osi physical and data link layers for direct bus connection by an external usb host on pi ns usbdp and usbpn. the usb interface detects token packets, handles data transmission and reception, and processes handshake packets as required by the usb 2.0 standard. the usb slave interface includes the following features:
str91xf functional overview 25/73 supports usb low and full-speed transfers (12 mbps), certified to co mply with the usb 2.0 specification supports isochronous, bulk, control, and interrupt endpoints configurable number of endpoints allowing a mixture of up to 20 single-buffered monodirectional endpoints or up to 10 double-buffered bidirectional endpoints dedicated, dual-port 2 kbyte usb packet buffer sram. one port of the sram is connected by a packet buffer interface (pbi) on the usb side, and the cpu connects to the other sram port. crc generation and checking nrzi encoding-decoding and bit stuffing usb suspend resume operations 2.18.1 packet buffer interface (pbi) the pbi manages a set of buffers inside the 2 kbyte packet buffer, both for transmission and reception. the pbi will choose the proper buffer according to requests coming from the usb serial interface engine (sie) and locate it in the packet sram according to addresses pointed by endpoint registers. the pbi will also auto-increment the add ress after each exchanged byte until the end of packet, keeping track of the number of exchanged bytes and preventing buffer overrun. special support is provided by the pbi for isochronous and bulk transfers, implementing double-buffer usage which ensures there is always an available buffer for a usb packet while the cpu uses a different buffer. 2.18.2 dma a programmable dma channel may be assigned by cpu firmware to service the usb interface for fast and direct transfers between the usb bus and sram with little cpu involvement. this dma channel includes the following features: direct usb packet buffer sram to system sram transfers of receive packets, by descriptor chain for bulk or isochronous endpoints. direct system sram to usb packet buffer sram transfers of transmit packets, by descriptor chain for bulk or isochronous endpoints. linked-list descriptor chain s upport for multiple usb packets 2.18.3 suspend mode cpu firmware may place the usb interface in a low-power suspend mode when required, and the usb interface will automatically wake up asyn chronously upon detecting activity on the usb pins. 2.19 can 2.0b interface the str91xf provides a can interface complying with can protocol version 2.0 parts a and b. an external can transceiver device connect ed to pins can_rx and can_tx is required for connection to the physical can bus. the can interface manages up to 32 message objects and identifier masks using a message sram and a message handler. the message handler takes care of low-level can bus activity such as acceptance filtering, transfer of messages between the can bus and the message
functional overview str91xf 26/73 sram, handling of transmission requests, and interrupt generation. the cpu has access to the message sram via the message handler using a set of 38 control registers. the follow features are supported by the can interface: bitrates up to 1 mbps disable automatic retransmission mode for time triggered can applications 32 message objects each message object has its own identifier mask programmable fifo mode programmable loopback mode for self-test operation the can interface is not supported by dma. 2.20 uart interfaces with dma the str91xf supports three independent uart serial interfaces, designated uart0, uart1, and uart2. each interface is very similar to the industry-standard 16c550 uart device. all three uart channels support irda encoding/decoding, requiring only an external led transceiver to pins uartx_rx and uartx_tx for communication. one uart channel (uart0) supports full modem control signals. uart interfaces include the following features: maximum baud rate of 1.5 mbps separate fifos for transmit and receive, each 16 deep, each fifo can be disabled by firmware if desired programmable fifo trigger levels between 1/8 and 7/8 programmable baud rate generator based on ccu master clock, or ccu master clock divided by two programmable serial data lengths of 5, 6, 7, or 8 bits with start bit and 1 or 2 stop bits programmable selection of even, odd, or no-parity bit generation and detection false start-bit detection line break generation and detection support of irda sir endec functions for data rates of up to 115.2k bps irda bit duration selection of 3/16 or low-power (1.14 to 2.23 sec) channel uart0 supports modem control functions cts, dcd, dsr, rts, dtr, and ri for your reference, only two standard 16550 uart features are not supported, 1.5 stop bits and independent receive clock. 2.20.1 dma a programmable dma channel may be assigned by cpu firmware to service channels uart0 and uart1 for fast and direct transfers between the uart bus and sram with little cpu involvement. both dma single-transfers and dma burst-transfers are supported for transmit and receive. burst transfers require that uart fifos are enabled.
str91xf functional overview 27/73 2.21 i 2 c interfaces with dma the str91xf supports two independent i2c serial interfaces, designated i2c0, and i2c1. each interface allows direct connection to an i2c bus as either a bus master or bus slave device (firmware configurable). i2c is a two-wire communication channel, having a bi- directional data signal and a single-directional clock signal based on open-drain line drivers, requiring external pull-up resistors. byte-wide data is transferred between a master device and a slave device on two wires. more than one bus master is allowed, but only one master may control the bus at any given time. data is not lost when another master requests the use of a busy bus because i2c supports collision detection and arbitration. more than on e slave device may be pr esent on the bus, each having a unique address. the bus master initiates all data movement and generates the clock that permits the transfer. once a transfer is initiated by the master, any device that is addressed is considered a slave. automatic clock synchroni zation allows i2c devices with different bit rates to communicate on the same physical bus. a single device can play the role of master or slave, or a single device can be a slave only . a master or slave device has the ability to suspend data transfers if the device needs more time to transmit or receive data. each i2c interface on the str91xf has the following features: programmable clock supports various rates up to i2c standard rate (100 khz) or fast rate (400 khz). serial i/o engine (sioe) takes care of serial/parallel conversion; bus arbitration; clock generation and synchronization; and handshaking multi-master capability 7-bit or 10-bit addressing 2.21.1 dma a programmable dma channel may be assigned by cpu firmware to service each i2c channel for fast and direct transfers between the i2c bus and sram with little cpu involvement. both dma single-transfers and dma burst-transfers are supported for transmit and receive. 2.22 ssp interfaces (spi, ssi, and microwire) with dma the str91xf supports two independent synchronous serial port (ssp) interfaces, designated ssp0, and ssp1. primary use of eac h interface is for su pporting the indust ry standard serial peripheral interface (spi) protocol, but also supporting the similar synchronous serial interface (ssi) and microwire communication protocols. spi is a three or four wire synchronous serial communication channel, capable of full-duplex operation. in three-wire configuration, there is a clock signal, and two data signals (one data signal from master to slave, the other from slave to master). in four-wire configuration, an additional slave select signal is output from master and received by slave. the spi clock signal is a gated clock generated from the master and regulates the flow of data bits. the master may transmit at a variety of baud rates, up to 24 mhz in multi-slave operation, no more than one slave device can transmit data at any given time. slave selection is accomplished when a slave?s ?slave select? input is permanently grounded or asserted active-low by a master device. slave devices that are not selected do not interfere with spi activities. slave devices ignore the clock signals and keep their data output pins in
functional overview str91xf 28/73 high-impedance state when not selected. the str91xf supports spi multi-master operation because it provides collision detection. each ssp interface on the str91xf has the following features: full-duplex, three or four-wire synchronous transfers master or slave operation programmable clock bit rate with prescaler, up to 24mhz for master mode and 4mhz for slave mode separate transmit and receive fifos, each 16-bits wide and 8 locations deep programmable data frame size from 4 to 16 bits programmable clock and phase polarity specifically for microwire protocol: ? half-duplex transfers using 8-bit control message specifically for ssi protocol: ? full-duplex four-wire synchronous transfer ? transmit data pin tri-stateable when not transmitting 2.22.1 dma a programmable dma channel may be assi gned by cpu firmware to service each ssp channel for fast and direct transfers between the ssp bus and sram with little cpu involvement. both dma single-transfers and dma burst-transfers are supported for transmit and receive. burst transfers require that fifos are enabled. 2.23 general purpose i/o there are up to 80 gpio pins available on 10 i/o ports for 128-pin devices, and up to 40 gpio pins on 5 i/o ports for 80-pin devices. each and every gpio pin by default (during and just after a reset condition) is in high-impedance inpu t mode, and some gpio pins are additionally routed to certain peripheral function inputs. cpu firmware may initialize gpio pins to have alternate input or output functions as listed in ta b l e 3 . at any time, the logic state of any gpio pin may be read by firmware as a gpio input, regardless of its reassigned input or output function. bit masking is available on each port, meaning firmware may selectively read or write individual port pins, without disturbing other pins on the same port during a write. firmware may designate each gpio pin to have open-drain or push-pull characteristics. all gpio pins are 5v tolerant, meaning in they can drive a voltage level up to v ddq , and can be safely driven by a voltage up to 5.5v. there are no internal pull-up or pull-down resistors on gpio pins. as such, it is recommended to ground, or pull up to v ddq with a 100k ? resistor, all unused gpio pins to minimize power consumption and noise generation.
str91xf functional overview 29/73 2.24 a/d converter (adc) the str91xf provides an eight-channel, 10-bit successive approximation analog-to-digital converter. the adc input pins are multiplexed with other functions on port 4 as shown in ta b l e 3 . following are the major adc features: fast conversion time, as low as 0.7 usec accuracy. integral and differential non-linearity are typically within 4 conversion counts. 0 to 3.6v input range. external reference voltage input pin (avref) available on 128-pin packages for better accuracy on low-voltage inputs. the voltage on avref can range from 1.0v to v ddq . cpu firmware may convert one adc input channel at a time, or it has the option to set the adc to automatically scan and convert all eight adc input channels sequentially before signalling an end-of-conversion automatic continuous conversion mode is available for any number of designated adc input channels analog watchdog mode provides automatic monitoring of any adc input, comparing it against two programmable voltage threshold va lues. the adc unit will set a flag or it will interrupt the cpu if the input voltage rises above the higher threshold, or drops below the lower threshold. the adc unit goes to stand-by mode (very low-current consumption) after any reset event. cpu firmware may also command the adc unit to stand-by mode at any time. 2.25 standard timers (tim) with dma the str91xf has four independent, free-running 16-bit timer/counter modules designated tim0, tim1, tim2, and tim3. each general purpose timer/counter can be configured by firmware for a variety of tasks including; pulse width and frequency measurement (input capture), generation of waveforms (output compare and pwm), event counting, delay timing, and up/down counting. each of the four timer units have the following features: 16-bit free running timer/counter internal timer/counter clock source from a programmable 8-bit prescale of the ccu pclk clock output optional external timer/counter clock source from pin p2.4 shared by tim0/tim1, and pin p2.5 shared by tim2/tim3. frequency of these external clocks must be at least 4 times less the frequency of the internal ccu pclk clock output. the master clock (f mstr ) with a 16-bit prescaler can also be selected as an external clock source two dedicated 16-bit input capture registers for measuring up to two input signals. input capture has programmable selection of input signal edge detection two dedicated 16-bit output compare registers for generation up to two output signals pwm output generation with 16-bit resolution of both pulse width and frequency one pulse generation in response to an external event a dedicated interrupt to the cpu with five interrupt flags
functional overview str91xf 30/73 2.25.1 dma a programmable dma channel may be assigned by cpu firmware to service each timer/ counter module tim0 and tim1 for fast and direct transfers. 2.26 three-phase induction motor controller (imc) the str91xf provides an integrated controller for variable speed motor control applications. six pwm outputs are generated on high current drive pins p6.0 to p6.5 for controlling a three- phase ac induction motor drive circuit assembly. rotor speed feedback is provided by capturing a tachometer input signal on pin p6.6, and an asynchronous hardware emergency stop input is available on pin p6.7 to stop the motor immediately if needed, independently of firmware. the imc unit has the following features: three pwm outputs generated using a 10-bit pwm counter, one for each phase u, v, w. complimentary pwm outputs are also generated for each phase. choice of classic or zero-centered pwm generation modes 10-bit pwm counter clock is supplied through a programmable 8-bit prescaler of the apb clock. programmable 6-bit dead-time generator to add delay to each of the three complimentary pwm outputs 8-bit repetition counter automatic rotor speed measurement with 16-bit resolution. schmitt trigger tachometer input with programmable edge detection hardware asynchronous emergency stop input a dedicated interrupt to cpu with eight flags 2.27 external memory interface (emi) str91xf devices in 128-pin packages offer an external memory bus for connecting external parallel peripherals and memories. the emi bus resides on ports 7, 8, and 9 and operates with either an 8 or 16-bit data path. the configuration of 8 or 16 bit mode is specified by cpu firmware writing to configuration registers at run-time. if the application does not use the emi bus, then these port pins may be used for general purpose i/o as shown in ta b l e 3 . the emi has the following features: supports static asynchronous memory access cycles, including page mode for non-mux operation. four configurable memory regions, each with a chip select output (emi_cs0n ... emi_cs3n) programmable wait states per memory region for both write and read operations 16-bit multiplexed data mode ( figure 4 ): 16 bits of data and 16 bits of low-order address are multiplexed together on ports 8 and 9, while port 7 contains eight more high-order address signals. the output signal on pin emi_ale is used to demultiplex the signals on ports 8 and 9, and the polarity of emi_ale is programmable. the output signals on pins emi_bwr_wrln and emi_wrhn are the write strobes for the low and high data bytes
str91xf functional overview 31/73 respectively. the output signal emi_rdn is the read strobe for both the low and high data bytes. 8-bit multiplexed data mode : this is a variant of the 16-bit multiplexed mode. although this mode can provide 24 bits of address and 8 bits of data, it does require an external latch device on port 8. however, this mode is most efficient when connecting devices that only require 8 bits of address on an 8-bit multiplexed address/data bus, and have simple read, write, and latch inputs as shown in figure 5 to use all 24 address bits, the following applies: 8 bits of lowest-order data and 8 bits of lowest-order address are multiplexed on port 8. on port 9, 8-bits of mid-order address are multiplexed with 8 bits of data, but these 8 data values are always at logic zero on this port during a write operation, and these 8 data bits are ignored during a read operation. an external latch device (such as a ?373 latch) is needed to de-multiplex the mid-order 8 address bits that are generated on port 8. port 7 outputs the 8 highest-order address signals directly (not multiplexed). the output signal on pin emi_ale is used to demultiplex the signals on ports 8 and 9, and the polarity of emi_ale is programmable. the output signal on pin emi_bwr_wrln is the data write strobe, and the output on pin emi_rdn is the data read strobe. 8-bit non-multiplexed data mode ( figure 6 ): eight bits of data are on port 8, while 16 bits of address are output on ports 7 and 9. the output signal on pin emi_bwr_bwln is the data write strobe and the output on pin emi_rdn is the data read strobe. figure 4. emi 16-bit multiplexed connection example emi_ad0 str91xx 16-bit device emi_ad1 emi_ad2 emi_ad3 emi_ad4 emi_ad5 emi_ad6 emi_ad7 emi_ad8 emi_ad9 emi_ad10 emi_ad11 emi_ad12 emi_ad13 emi_ad14 emi_ad15 emi_ale emi_rdn emi_bwr_wrln ad0 ad1 ad2 ad3 ad4 ad5 ad6 ad7 ad8 ad9 ad10 ad11 ad12 ad13 ad14 ad15 chip_select write_low_byte read addr_latch p8.7 p8.6 p8.5 p8.4 p8.3 p8.2 p8.1 p8.0 p9.7 p9.6 p9.5 p9.4 p9.3 p9.2 p9.1 p9.0 emi_a16 emi_a17 emi_a18 emi_a19 emi_a20 emi_a21 emi_a22 emi_a23 a16 a17 a18 a19 a20 a21 a22 a23 p7.7 p7.6 p7.5 p7.4 p7.3 p7.2 p7.1 p7.0 emi_wrhn write_high_byte emi_cs0n emi_cs1n emi_cs2n emi_cs3n
functional overview str91xf 32/73 figure 5. emi 8-bit multiplexed connection example figure 6. emi 8-bit non-multiplexed connection example emi_ad0 str91xx 8-bit device emi_ad1 emi_ad2 emi_ad3 emi_ad4 emi_ad5 emi_ad6 emi_ad7 emi_ale emi_rdn emi_bwr_wrln ad0 ad1 ad2 ad3 ad4 ad5 ad6 ad7 chip_select write read addr_latch p8.7 p8.6 p8.5 p8.4 p8.3 p8.2 p8.1 p8.0 emi_cs0n emi_cs1n emi_cs2n emi_cs3n emi_d0 str91xx 8-bit device emi_d1 emi_d2 emi_d3 emi_d4 emi_d5 emi_d6 emi_d7 emi_a0 emi_a1 emi_a2 emi_a3 emi_a4 emi_a5 emi_a6 emi_a7 emi_rdn emi_bwr_wrln emi_cs0n d0 d1 d2 d3 d4 d5 d6 d7 a0 a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 chip_select write read p8.7 p8.6 p8.5 p8.4 p8.3 p8.2 p8.1 p8.0 p9.7 p9.6 p9.5 p9.4 p9.3 p9.2 p9.1 p9.0 emi_a8 emi_a9 emi_a10 emi_a11 emi_a12 emi_a13 emi_a14 emi_a15 a8 a9 a10 a11 a12 a13 a14 a15 p7.7 p7.6 p7.5 p7.4 p7.3 p7.2 p7.1 p7.0 emi_cs1n emi_cs2n emi_cs3n
str91xf related documentation 33/73 3 related documentation available from www.arm.com: arm966e-s rev 2 technical reference manual available from www.st.com: str91xf reference manual str9 flash programming manual (pm0020) the above is a selected list only, a full list str91xf application notes can be viewed at http://www.st.com .
pin description str91xf 34/73 4 pin description figure 7. str91xfm 80-pin package pinout 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 p4.3 p4.2 p4.1 p4.0 vss_vssq vddq p2.0 p2.1 p5.0 vss vdd p5.1 p6.2 p6.3 vddq vssq p5.2 p5.3 p6.0 p6.1 usbdp (1) usbdn (1) p6.7 p6.6 reset_inn vssq vddq p6.5 p6.4 vss vdd p5.7 p5.6 p5.5 vddq vssq p5.4 p3.7 p3.6 p3.5 p2.2 p2.3 p2.4 vbatt vssq x2_rtc x1_rtc vddq p2.5 vss vdd p2.6 (2) usbclk_p.27 p3.0 vssq vddq p3.1 p3.2 p3.3 p3.4 p4.4 p4.5 p4.6 p4.7 avref_avdd vssq vddq jtdo jtdi vss vdd jtms jtck jtrstn vssq x1_cpu x2_cpu vddq reset_outn jrtck 80-pin lqfp str91xfm 1) nu (not used) on str910fm dev ices. pin 59 is not connected, pin 60 must be pulled up by a 1.5kohm resistor to vddq. 2) no usbclk function on str910fm devices.
str91xf pin description 35/73 figure 8. str91xfw 128-pin package pinout 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 96 95 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 87 86 85 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 128 127 126 125 124 123 122 121 120 119 118 117 116 115 114 113 112 111 110 109 108 107 106 105 104 103 102 101 100 99 98 97 p4.2 p4.1 p4.0 avss p7.0 p7.1 p7.2 vssq vddq p2.0 p2.1 p5.0 p7.3 p7.4 p7.5 vss vdd p5.1 p6.2 p6.3 emi_bwr_wrln emi_wrhn vddq vssq (3) phyclk_p5.2 p8.0 p5.3 p8.1 p6.0 p8.2 p6.1 p8.3 usbdp (1) usbdn (1) mii_mdio (1) p6.7 p6.6 ta m p e r _ i n p0.7 reset_inn p0.6 vssq vddq p0.5 p6.5 p6.4 vss vdd p5.7 p5.6 p0.4 p5.5 p0.3 emi_rdn emi_ale vddq vssq p0.2 p5.4 p0.1 p3.7 p0.0 p3.6 p3.5 p2.2 p8.4 p2.3 p8.5 p2.4 p8.6 vbatt vssq x2_rtc x1_rtc vddq p8.7 p2.5 p9.0 p9.1 vss vdd p9.2 p9.3 p9.4 p2.6 (2) usbclk_p2.7 p3.0 vssq vddq p9.5 p3.1 p3.2 p3.3 p9.6 p3.4 p9.7 p4.3 p4.4 p4.5 p4.6 p4.7 avref avdd vssq vddq p7.7 p7.6 jtdo p1.7 jtdi p1.6 vss vdd jtms p1.5 p1.4 jtck jtrstn p1.3 vssq x1_cpu x2_cpu vddq p1.2 reset_outn p1.1 p1.0 jrtck 128-pin lqfp str91xfw 1) nu (not used) on str910fw devices. pi n 95 is not connected, pin 96 must be pulled up by a 1.5kohm resistor to vddq. 2) no usbclk function on str910fw devices. 3) no phyclk function on str910fw devices.
pin description str91xf 36/73 4.1 default pin functions during and just after reset, all pins on ports 0-9 default to high-impedance input mode until cpu firmware assigns other functions to the pins. this initial input mode routes all pins on ports 0-9 to be read as gpio inputs as shown in the ?default pin function? column of ta b l e 3 . simultaneously, certain port pin signals are also routed to other functional inputs as shown in the ?default input function? column of ta bl e 3 , and these pin input functions will remain until cpu firmware makes other assignments. at any time, even after the cpu assigns pins to alternate functions, the cpu may always read the state of any pin on ports 0-9 as a gpio input. cpu firmware may assign alternate functions to port pins as shown in columns ?alternate input 1? or ?alternate output 1, 2, 3? of ta bl e 3 by writing to control registers at run-time. notes for ta b l e 3 : notes:1 stmicroelectronics advises to ground, or pull up to v ddq using a 100 k ? resistor, all unused pins on port 0 - 9 to reduce noise susceptib ility, noise generation, and minimize power consumption. there are no internal or programmable pull-up resistors on ports 0-9. 2 all pins on ports 0 - 9 are 5v tolerant 3 pins on ports 0,1,2,4,5,7,8,9 have 4 ma drive and 4ma sink. ports 3 and 6 have 8 ma drive and 8 ma sink. 4 for 8-bit non-muxed emi operation: port 8 is eight bits of data, ports 7 and 9 are 16 bits of address. 5 for 16-bit muxed emi operation: ports 8 and 9 are 16 bits of muxed address and data bits, port 7 is up to eight additional bits of high-order address 6 signal polarity is programmable for interrupt request inputs, emi_ale, timer input capture inputs and output compare/pwm outputs, motor control tach and emergency stop inputs, and motor control phase outputs. 7 hiz = high impedance, v = voltage source, g = ground, i/o = input/output 8 str910f devices do not support usb. on these devices usbdp and usbdn signals are "not used" (usbdn is not connected, usbdp must be pu lled up by a 1.5k ohm resistor to vddq), and all functions named ?usb" are not available. 9 str910f 128-pin devices do not support ethernet. on these devices phyclk and all functions named ?mii*" are not available. table 3. device pin description pkg pin name signal type default pin function default input function alternate functions lqfp80 lqfp128 alternate input 1 alternate output 1 alternate output 2 alternate output 3 -67 p0.0 i/o gpio_0.0, gp input, hiz mii_tx_clk, phy xmit clock i2c0_clkin, i2c clock in gpio_0.0, gp output i2c0_clkout, i 2c clock out etm_pck0, etm packet -69 p0.1 i/o gpio_0.1, gp input, hiz - i2c0_din, i 2c data in gpio_0.1, gp output i2c0_dout, i2c data out etm_pck1, etm packet -71 p0.2 i/o gpio_0.2, gp input, hiz mii_rxd0, phy rx data0 i2c1_clkin, i2c clock in gpio_0.2, gp output i2c1_clkout, i2c clock out etm_pck2, etm packet -76 p0.3 i/o gpio_0.3, gp input, hiz mii_rxd1, phy rx data i2c1_din, i2c data in gpio_0.3, gp output i2c1_dout, i2c data out etm_pck3, etm packet -78 p0.4 i/o gpio_0.4, gp input, hiz mii_rxd2, phy rx data tim0_icap1, input capture gpio_0.4, gp output emi_cs0n, emi chip select etm_pstat0, etm pipe status -85 p0.5 i/o gpio_0.5, gp input, hiz mii_rxd3, phy rx data tim0_icap2, input capture gpio_0.5, gp output emi_cs1n, emi chip select etm_pstat1, etm pipe status
str91xf pin description 37/73 -88 p0.6 i/o gpio_0.6, gp input, hiz mii_rx_clk, phy rx clock tim2_icap1, input capture gpio_0.6, gp output emi_cs2n, emi chip select etm_pstat2, etm pipe status -90 p0.7 i/o gpio_0.7, gp input, hiz mii_rx_dv, phy data valid tim2_icap2, input capture gpio_0.7, gp output emi_cs3n, emi chip select etm_trsync, etm trace sync -98 p1.0 i/o gpio_1.0, gp input, hiz mii_rx_er, phy rcv error etm_extrig, etm ext. trigger gpio_1.0, gp output uart1_tx, uart xmit data ssp1_sclk, ssp mstr clk out -99 p1.1 i/o gpio_1.1, gp input, hiz - uart1_rx, uart rcv data gpio_1.1, gp output mii_txd0, mac tx data ssp1_mosi, ssp mstr dat out -101 p1.2 i/o gpio_1.2, gp input, hiz - ssp1_miso, ssp mstr data in gpio_1.2, gp output mii_txd1, mac tx data uart0_tx, uart xmit data -106 p1.3 i/o gpio_1.3, gp input, hiz - uart2_rx, uart rcv data gpio_1.3, gp output mii_txd2, mac tx data ssp1_nss, ssp mstr sel out -109 p1.4 i/o gpio_1.4, gp input, hiz - i2c0_clkin, i2c clock in gpio_1.4, gp output mii_txd3, mac tx data i2c0_clkout, i 2c clock out -110 p1.5 i/o gpio_1.5, gp input, hiz mii_col, phy collision can_rx, can rcv data gpio_1.5, gp output uart2_tx, uart xmit data etm_trclk, etm trace clock -114 p1.6 i/o gpio_1.6, gp input, hiz mii_crs, phy carrier sns i2c0_din, i 2c data in gpio_1.6, gp output can_tx, can tx data i2c0_dout, i2c data out -116 p1.7 i/o gpio_1.7, gp input, hiz - etm_extrig, etm ext. trigger gpio_1.7, gp output mii_mdc, mac mgt dat ck etm_trclk, etm trace clock 710 p2.0 i/o gpio_2.0, gp input, hiz uart0_cts, clear to send i2c0_clkin, i2c clock in gpio_2.0, gp output i2c0_clkout, i 2c clock out etm_pck0, etm packet 811 p2.1 i/o gpio_2.1, gp input, hiz uart0_dsr, data set ready i2c0_din, i 2c data in gpio_2.1, gp output i2c0_dout, i2c data out etm_pck1, etm packet 21 33 p2.2 i/o gpio_2.2, gp input, hiz uart0_dcd, dat carrier det i2c1_clkin, i2c clock in gpio_2.2, gp output i2c1_clkout, i2c clock out etm_pck2, etm packet 22 35 p2.3 i/o gpio_2.3, gp input, hiz uart0_ri, ring indicator i2c1_din, i2c data in gpio_2.3, gp output i2c1_dout, i2c data out etm_pck3, etm packet 23 37 p2.4 i/o gpio_2.4, gp input, hiz extclk_t0t1 ext clk timer0/1 ssp0_sclk, ssp slv clk in gpio_2.4, gp output ssp0_sclk, ssp mstr clk out etm_pstat0, etm pipe status 29 45 p2.5 i/o gpio_2.5, gp input, hiz extclk_t2t3 ext clk timer2/3 ssp0_mosi, ssp slv dat in gpio_2.5, gp output ssp0_mosi, ssp mstr dat out etm_pstat1, etm pipe status 32 53 p2.6 i/o gpio_2.6, gp input, hiz - ssp0_miso, ssp mstr data in gpio_2.6, gp output ssp0_miso, ssp slv data out etm_pstat2, etm pipe status 33 54 usbclk _p2.7 i/o gpio_2.7, gp input, hiz usb_clk48m, 48mhz to usb ssp0_nss, ssp slv sel in gpio_2.7, gp output ssp0_nss, ssp mstr sel out etm_trsync, etm trace sync 34 55 p3.0 i/o gpio_3.0, gp input, hiz dma_rqst0, ext dma requst uart0_rxd, uart rcv data gpio_3.0, gp output uart2_tx, uart xmit data tim0_ocmp1, out comp/pwm 37 59 p3.1 i/o gpio_3.1, gp input, hiz dma_rqst1, ext dma requst uart2_rxd, uart rcv data gpio_3.1, gp output uart0_tx, uart xmit data tim1_ocmp1, out comp/pwm 38 60 p3.2 i/o gpio_3.2, gp input, hiz exint2, external intr uart1_rxd, uart rcv data gpio_3.2, gp output can_tx, can tx data uart0_dtr, data trmnl rdy 39 61 p3.3 i/o gpio_3.3, gp input, hiz exint3, external intr can_rx, can rcv data gpio_3.3, gp output uart1_tx, uart xmit data uart0_rts, ready to send 40 63 p3.4 i/o gpio_3.4, gp input, hiz exint4, external intr ssp1_sclk, ssp slv clk in gpio_3.4, gp output ssp1_sclk, ssp mstr clk out uart0_tx, uart xmit data 41 65 p3.5 i/o gpio_3.5, gp input, hiz exint5, external intr ssp1_miso, ssp mstr data in gpio_3.5, gp output ssp1_miso, ssp slv data out uart2_tx, uart xmit data 42 66 p3.6 i/o gpio_3.6, gp input, hiz exint6, external intr ssp1_mosi, ssp slv dat in gpio_3.6, gp output ssp1_mosi, ssp mstr dat out can_tx, can tx data pkg pin name signal type default pin function default input function alternate functions lqfp80 lqfp128 alternate input 1 alternate output 1 alternate output 2 alternate output 3
pin description str91xf 38/73 43 68 p3.7 i/o gpio_3.7, gp input, hiz exint7, external intr ssp1_nss, ssp slv select in gpio_3.7, gp output ssp1_nss, ssp mstr sel out tim1_ocmp1, out comp/pwm 43 p4.0 i/o gpio_4.0, gp input, hiz adc0, adc input chnl tim0_icap1, input capture gpio_4.0, gp output tim0_ocmp1, out comp/pwm etm_pck0, etm packet 32 p4.1 i/o gpio_4.1, gp input, hiz adc1, adc input chnl tim0_icap2, input capture gpio_4.1, gp output tim0_ocmp2, out comp etm_pck1, etm packet 21 p4.2 i/o gpio_4.2, gp input, hiz adc2, adc input chnl tim1_icap1, input capture gpio_4.2, gp output tim1_ocmp1, out comp/pwm etm_pck2, etm packet 1128 p4.3 i/o gpio_4.3, gp input, hiz adc3, adc input chnl tim1_icap2, input capture gpio_4.3, gp output tim1_ocmp2, out comp etm_pck3, etm packet 80 127 p4.4 i/o gpio_4.4, gp input, hiz adc4, adc input chnl tim2_icap1, input capture gpio_4.4, gp output tim2_ocmp1, out comp/pwm etm_pstat0, etm pipe status 79 126 p4.5 i/o gpio_4.5, gp input, hiz adc5, adc input chnl tim2_icap2, input capture gpio_4.5, gp output tim2_ocmp2, out comp etm_pstat1, etm pipe status 78 125 p4.6 i/o gpio_4.6, gp input, hiz adc6, adc input chnl tim3_icap1, input capture gpio_4.6, gp output tim3_ocmp1, out comp/pwm etm_pstat2, etm pipe status 77 124 p4.7 i/o gpio_4.7, gp input, hiz adc7, adc input chnl tim3_icap2, input capture gpio_4.7, gp output tim3_ocmp2, out comp etm_trsync, etm trace sync 912p5.0i/0 gpio_5.0, gp input, hiz exint8, external intr can_rx, can rcv data gpio_5.0, gp output etm_trclk, etm trace clock uart0_tx, uart xmit data 12 18 p5.1 i/0 gpio_5.1, gp input, hiz exint9, external intr uart0_rxd, uart rcv data gpio_5.1, gp output can_tx, can tx data uart2_tx, uart xmit data 17 25 phyclk _p5.2 i/o gpio_5.2, gp input, hiz exint10, external intr uart2_rxd, uart rcv data gpio_5.2, gp output mii_phyclk, 25mhz to phy tim3_ocmp1, out comp/pwm 18 27 p5.3 i/o gpio_5.3, gp input, hiz exint11, external intr etm_extrig, etm ext. trigger gpio_5.3, gp output mii_tx_en, mac xmit enbl tim2_ocmp1, out comp/pwm 44 70 p5.4 i/o gpio_5.4, gp input, hiz exint12, external intr ssp0_sclk, ssp slv clk in gpio_5.4, gp output ssp0_sclk, ssp mstr clk out emi_cs0n, emi chip select 47 77 p5.5 i/o gpio_5.5, gp input, hiz exint13, external intr ssp0_mosi, ssp slv dat in gpio_5.5, gp output ssp0_mosi, ssp mstr dat out emi_cs1n, emi chip select 48 79 p5.6 i/o gpio_5.6, gp input, hiz exint14, external intr ssp0_miso, ssp mstr dat in gpio_5.6, gp output ssp0_miso, ssp slv data out emi_cs2n, emi chip select 49 80 p5.7 i/o gpio_5.7, gp input, hiz exint15, external intr ssp0_nss, ssp slv select in gpio_5.7, gp output ssp0_nss, ssp mstr sel out emi_cs3n, emi chip select 19 29 p6.0 i/o gpio_6.0, gp input, hiz exint16, external intr tim0_icap1, input capture gpio_6.0, gp output tim0_ocmp1, out comp/pwm mc_uh, imc phase u hi 20 31 p6.1 i/o gpio_6.1, gp input, hiz exint17, external intr tim0_icap2, input capture gpio_6.1, gp output tim0_ocmp2, out comp mc_ul, imc phase u lo 13 19 p6.2 i/o gpio_6.2, gp input, hiz exint18, external intr tim1_icap1, input capture gpio_6.2, gp output tim1_ocmp1, out comp/pwm mc_vh, imc phase v hi 14 20 p6.3 i/o gpio_6.3, gp input, hiz exint19, external intr tim1_icap2, input capture gpio_6.3, gp output tim1_ocmp2, out comp mc_vl, imc phase v lo 52 83 p6.4 i/o gpio_6.4, gp input, hiz exint20, external intr tim2_icap1, input capture gpio_6.4, gp output tim2_ocmp1, out comp/pwm mc_wh, imc phase w hi 53 84 p6.5 i/o gpio_6.5, gp input, hiz exint21, external intr tim2_icap2, input capture gpio_6.5, gp output tim2_ocmp2, out comp mc_wl, imc phase w lo 57 92 p6.6 i/o gpio_6.6, gp input, hiz exint22_trig, ext intr & tach uart0_rxd, uart rcv data gpio_6.6, gp output tim3_ocmp1, out comp/pwm etm_trclk, etm trace clock 58 93 p6.7 i/o gpio_6.7, gp input, hiz exint23_stop, ext intr & estop etm_extrig, etm ext. trigger gpio_6.7, gp output tim3_ocmp2, out comp uart0_tx, uart xmit data pkg pin name signal type default pin function default input function alternate functions lqfp80 lqfp128 alternate input 1 alternate output 1 alternate output 2 alternate output 3
str91xf pin description 39/73 -5 p7.0 i/o gpio_7.0, gp input, hiz exint24, external intr tim0_icap1, input capture gpio_7.0, gp output 8b) emi_a0, 16b) emi_a16 etm_pck0, etm packet -6 p7.1 i/o gpio_7.1, gp input, hiz exint25, external intr tim0_icap2, input capture gpio_7.1, gp output 8b) emi_a1, 16b) emi_a17 etm_pck1, etm packet -7 p7.2 i/o gpio_7.2, gp input, hiz exint26, external intr tim2_icap1, input capture gpio_7.2, gp output 8b) emi_a2, 16b) emi_a18 etm_pck2, etm packet -13 p7.3 i/o gpio_7.3, gp input, hiz exint27, external intr tim2_icap2, input capture gpio_7.3, gp output 8b) emi_a3, 16b) emi_a19 etm_pck3, etm packet -14 p7.4 i/o gpio_7.4, gp input, hiz exint28, external intr uart0_rxd, uart rcv data gpio_7.4, gp output 8b) emi_a4, 16b) emi_a20 emi_cs3n, emi chip select -15 p7.5 i/o gpio_7.5, gp input, hiz exint29, external intr etm_extrig, etm ext. trigger gpio_7.5, gp output 8b) emi_a5, 16b) emi_a21 emi_cs2n, emi chip select -118 p7.6 i/o gpio_7.6, gp input, hiz exint30, external intr tim3_icap1, input capture gpio_7.6, gp output 8b) emi_a6, 16b) emi_a22 emi_cs1n, emi chip select -119 p7.7 i/o gpio_7.7, gp input, hiz exint31, external intr tim3_icap2, input capture gpio_7.7, gp output emi_cs0n, emi chip select 16b) emi_a23, 8b) emi_a7 -26 p8.0 i/o gpio_8.0, gp input, hiz -- gpio_8.0, gp output 8b) emi_d0, 16b) emi_ad0 - -28 p8.1 i/o gpio_8.1, gp input, hiz -- gpio_8.1, gp output 8b) emi_d1, 16b) emi_ad1 - -30 p8.2 i/o gpio_8.2, gp input, hiz -- gpio_8.2, gp output 8b) emi_d2, 16b) emi_ad2 - -32 p8.3 i/o gpio_8.3, gp input, hiz -- gpio_8.3, gp output 8b) emi_d3, 16b) emi_ad3 - -34 p8.4 i/o gpio_8.4, gp input, hiz -- gpio_8.4, gp output 8b) emi_d4, 16b) emi_ad4 - -36 p8.5 i/o gpio_8.5, gp input, hiz -- gpio_8.5, gp output 8b) emi_d5, 16b) emi_ad5 - -38 p8.6 i/o gpio_8.6, gp input, hiz -- gpio_8.6, gp output 8b) emi_d6, 16b) emi_ad6 - -44 p8.7 i/o gpio_8.7, gp input, hiz -- gpio_8.7, gp output 8b) emi_d7, 16b) emi_ad7 - -46 p9.0 i/o gpio_9.0, gp input, hiz -- gpio_9.0, gp output 8b) emi_a8 16b) emi_ad8 - -47 p9.1 i/o gpio_9.1, gp input, hiz -- gpio_9.1, gp output 8b) emi_a9, 16b) emi_ad9 - -50 p9.2 i/o gpio_9.2, gp input, hiz -- gpio_9.2, gp output 8b) emi_a10, 16b)emi_ad10 - -51 p9.3 i/o gpio_9.3, gp input, hiz -- gpio_9.3, gp output 8b) emi_a11, 16b)emi_ad11 - -52 p9.4 i/o gpio_9.4, gp input, hiz -- gpio_9.4, gp output 8b) emi_a12, 16b)emi_ad12 - -58 p9.5 i/o gpio_9.5, gp input, hiz -- gpio_9.5, gp output 8b) emi_a13, 16b)emi_ad13 - -62 p9.6 i/o gpio_9.6, gp input, hiz -- gpio_9.6, gp output 8b) emi_a14, 16b)emi_ad14 - -64 p9.7 i/o gpio_9.7, gp input, hiz -- gpio_9.7, gp output 8b) emi_a15, 16b)emi_ad15 - pkg pin name signal type default pin function default input function alternate functions lqfp80 lqfp128 alternate input 1 alternate output 1 alternate output 2 alternate output 3
pin description str91xf 40/73 -21 emi_bwr _wrln (used as emi_lbn in future rev.) o emi byte write strobe (8 bit mode) or low byte write strobe (16 bit mode) n/a -22 emi_wrhn (used as emi_ubn in future rev.) o emi high byte write strobe (16- bit mode) n/a -74emi_ale o emi address latch enable (mux mode) n/a - 75 emi_rdn o emi read strobe n/a - - emi_baan o tbd n/a - - emi_waitn i tbd n/a - - emi_bclk o tbd n/a - - emi_wen o reserved for future use n/a -91 tamper _in i tamper detection input n/a - 94 mii_mdio i/o mac/phy management data line n/a 59 95 usbdn i/o usb data (-) bus connect n/a 60 96 usbdp i/o usb data (+) bus connect n/a 56 89 reset _inn i external reset input n/a 62 100 reset _outn o global or system reset output n/a 65 104 x1_cpu i cpu oscillator or crystal input n/a 64 103 x2_cpu o cpu crystal connection n/a 27 42 x1_rtc i rtc oscillator or crystal input (32.768 khz) n/a 26 41 x2_rtc o rtc crystal connection n/a 61 97 jrtck o jtag return clock or rtc clock n/a 67 107 jtrstn i jtag tap controller reset n/a 68 108 jtck i jtag clock n/a 69 111 jtms i jtag mode select n/a 72 115 jtdi i jtag data in n/a 73 117 jtdo o jtag data out n/a -122 avdd v adc analog voltage source, 2.7v - 3.6v n/a - 4 avss g adc analog ground n/a 5- avss _vssq g common ground point for digital i/ o & analog adc n/a pkg pin name signal type default pin function default input function alternate functions lqfp80 lqfp128 alternate input 1 alternate output 1 alternate output 2 alternate output 3
str91xf pin description 41/73 -123 avref v adc reference voltage input n/a 76 - avref _avdd v combined adc ref voltage and adc analog voltage source, 2.7v - 3.6v n/a 24 39 vbatt v standby voltage input for rtc and sram backup n/a 6 9 vddq v v source for i/o and usb. 2.7v to 3.6v n/a 15 23 vddq v 36 57 vddq v 46 73 vddq v 54 86 vddq v 28 43 vddq v 63 102 vddq v 74 120 vddq v - - vddq v - 8 vssq g digital ground for !/o and usb n/a 16 24 vssq g 35 56 vssq g - - vssq g 45 72 vssq g 55 87 vssq g 25 40 vssq g 66 105 vssq g 75 121 vssq g 11 17 vdd v v source for cpu. 1.65v - 2.0v n/a 31 49 vdd v 50 81 vdd v 70 112 vdd v 10 16 vss g digital ground for cpu n/a 30 48 vss g 51 82 vss g 71 113 vss g - - pllvddq v v source for pll 2.7 to 3.6 v n/a - - pllvssq g digital ground for pll pkg pin name signal type default pin function default input function alternate functions lqfp80 lqfp128 alternate input 1 alternate output 1 alternate output 2 alternate output 3
memory mapping str91xf 42/73 5 memory mapping the arm966e-s cpu addresses a single linear address space of 4 giga-bytes (2 32 ) from address 0x0000.0000 to 0xffff.ffff as shown in figure 9 . upon reset the cpu boots from address 0x0000.0000, which is chip-select zero at address zero in the flash memory interface (fmi). the instruction tcm and data tcm enable high-speed cpu operation without incurring any performance or power penalties associated with accessing t he system buses (ahb and apb). i-tcm and d-tcm address ranges are shown at the bottom of the memory map in figure 9 . 5.1 buffered and non-buffered writes the cpu makes use of write buffers on the ahb and the d-tcm to decouple the cpu from any wait states associated with a write operation. the user may choose to use write with buffers on the ahb by setting bit 3 in control register cp15 and selecting the appropriate ahb address range when writing. by default at reset, buffered writes are disabled (bit 3 of cp15 is clear) and all ahb writes are non-buffered until enabled. figure 9 shows that most addressable items on the ahb are aliased at two address ranges, one for buffered writes and another for non- buffered writes. a buffered writ e will allow the cpu to continue program execution while the write-back is performed through a fifo to the final destination on the ahb. if the fifo is full, the cpu is stalled until fifo space is available. a non-buffered write will impose an immediate delay to the cpu, but results in a direct write to the final ahb destination, ensuring data coherency. read operations from ahb locations are always direct and never buffered. 5.2 system (ahb) and peripheral (apb) buses the cpu will access sram, higher-speed periphe rals (usb, ethernet, programmable dma), and the external bus (emi) on the ahb at their respective base addresses indicated in figure 9 . lower-speed peripherals reside on the apb and are accessed using two separate ahb-to-apb bridge units (apb0 and apb1). these bridge units are essentially address windows connecting the ahb to the apb. to access an individual apb peripheral, the cpu will place an address on the ahb bus equal to the base address of the appropriate bridge unit apb0 or apb1, plus the offset of the particular peripheral, plus the offset of the individual data location within the peripheral. figure 9 shows the base addresses of brid ge units apb0 and a pb1, and also the base address of each apb peripheral. please consult the st r91xf reference manual for the address of data locations within each individual peripheral. 5.3 sram the sram is aliased at three separate address ranges as shown in figure 9 . when the cpu accesses sram starting at 0x0400.0000, the sram appears on the d-tcm. when cpu access starts at 0x4000.0000, sram appears in the buffered ahb range. beginning at cpu address 0x5000.0000, sram is in non-buffered ahb range. the sram size must be specified by cpu intitialization firmware writing to a control register after any reset condition. default sram size is 32k bytes, with option to set to 64k bytes on str91xfx32 devices, and to 96k bytes on str91xfx44 devices.
str91xf memory mapping 43/73 when other ahb bus masters (such as a dma controller) write to sram, their access is never buffered. only the cpu can make use of buffered ahb writes. 5.4 two independent flash memories the str91xf has two independent flash memories, the larger primary flash and the small secondary flash. it is possible for the cpu to er ase/write to one of these flash memories while simultaneously reading from the other. one or the other of these two flash memories may reside at the ?boot? address position of 0x0000.0000 at power-up or at reset as shown in figure 9 . the default configuration is that the first sector of primary flash memory is enabled and residing at the boot position, and the secondary flash memory is disabled. this de fault condition may be optionally changed as described below. 5.4.1 default configuration when the primary flash resides at boot position, typical cpu initialization firmware would set the start address and size of the main flash memory, and go on to enable the secondary flash, define it?s start address and size. most commonly, firmware would place the secondary flash start address at the location just after the end of the primary flash memory. in this case, the primary flash is used for code storage, and the smaller secondary flash can be used for data storage (eeprom emulation). 5.4.2 optional configuration using the str91xf device configuration software tool, or ide from 3rd party, one can specify that the smaller secondary flash memory is at the boot location at reset and the primary flash is disabled. the selection of which flash memory is at the boot location is programmed in a non-volatile flash-based configuration bit duri ng jtag isp. the boot selection choice will remain as the default until the bit is erased and re-written by the jtag interface. the cpu cannot change this choice for boot flash, only the jtag interface has access. in this case where the secondary flash defaults to the boot location upon reset, cpu firmware would typically initialize the flash memories the following way. the secondary flash start address and size is specified, then the primary flash is enabled and its start address and size is specified. the primary flash start address would typically be located just after the final address location of the secondary flash. this configuration is particularly well-suited for in- application-programming (iap). the cpu would boot from the secondary flash memory, initialize the system, then check the contents of the primary flash memory (by checksum or other means). if the contents of primary flash is ok, then cpu execution continues from either flash memory. if the main flash contents are incorrect, the cpu, while executing code from the secondary flash, can download new data from any str91xf communication channel and program into primary flash memory. application code then starts after the new contents of primary flash are verified.
memory mapping str91xf 44/73 notes for figure 9: str91xf memory map on page 45 : notes:1 either of the two flash memories may be placed at cpu boot address 0x0000.0000. by default, the primary flash memory is in boot position starting at cpu address 0x0000.0000 and the secondary flash memory may be placed at a higher address following the end of the primary flash memory. this default option may be changed using the str91xx device configuration software, placing the secondary flash memory at cpu boot location 0x0000.0000, and then the primary flash memory may be placed at a higher address. 2 the local sram (64kb or 96kb) is aliased in three address windows. a) at 0x0400.0000 the sram is accessible through the cpu?s d-tcm, at 0x4000.0000 the sram is accessible through the cpu?s ahb in buffered accesses, and at 0x5000.0000 the sram is accessible through the cpu?s ahb in non-buffered accesses. an ahb bus master other than the cpu can access sram in all three aliased windows, but these accesses are always non-buffered. the cpu is the only ahb master that can performed buffered writes. 3 apb peripherals reside in two ahb-to-apb pe ripheral bridge address windows, apb0 and apb1. these peripherals are accessible with buffer ed ahb access if th e cpu addresses them in the address range of 0x4800.0000 to 0x4fff.ffff, and non-buffered access in the address range of 0x5800.0000 to 0x5fff.ffff. 4 individual peripherals on the apb are accessed at the listed a ddress offset plus the base address of the appropriate ahb-to-apb bridge.
str91xf memory mapping 45/73 figure 9. str91xf memory map 0x0000.0000 flash, i-tcm (1) sram, d-tcm (2) 0x0400.0000 0x2000.0000 using 288 kb or 544 kb using 64 kb or 96 kb 0x0800.0000 reserved ext. mem, cs3 ext. mem, cs2 ext. mem, cs1 ext. mem, cs0 64 mb 64 mb 64 mb 64 mb 0x2400.0000 0x2800.0000 0x2c00.0000 ahb buffered 0x3000.0000 ext. mem, cs3 ext. mem, cs2 ext. mem, cs1 ext. mem, cs0 64 mb 64 mb 64 mb 64 mb 0x3400.0000 0x3800.0000 0x3c00.0000 ahb non- buffered 0x4000.0000 sram, ahb (2) fmi apb0 apb1 64 mb 64 mb 64 mb 64 mb 0x4400.0000 0x4800.0000 0x4c00.0000 ahb buffered 0x5000.0000 sram, ahb (2) fmi apb0 apb1 64 mb 64 mb 64 mb 64 mb 0x5400.0000 0x5800.0000 0x5c00.0000 ahb non- buffered 0x6000.0000 usb emi 8-ch dma enet 64 mb 64 mb 64 mb 64 mb 0x6400.0000 0x6800.0000 0x6c00.0000 ahb buffered 0x7000.0000 usb emi 8-ch dma enet 64 mb 64 mb 64 mb 64 mb 0x7400.0000 0x7800.0000 0x7c00.0000 reserved vic1 vic0 0x8000.0000 0xfc00. 0000 0xfc01. 0000 0xffff.f000 0xffff.ffff 4 kb 64 kb ahb non- buffered ahb non- buffered 4 kb i2c1 4 kb apb0 config 4 kb wake-up unit 4 kb gpio port p0 4 kb gpio port p1 4 kb gpio port p2 4 kb gpio port p3 4 kb gpio port p4 4 kb gpio port p5 4 kb gpio port p6 4 kb gpio port p7 4 kb gpio port p8 4 kb gpio port p9 4 kb tim0 4 kb tim1 4 kb tim2 4 kb tim3 4 kb apb1 config 4 kb rtc 4 kb scu 4 kb imc 4 kb uart0 4 kb uart1 4 kb uart2 4 kb ssp0 4 kb ssp1 4 kb can 4 kb adc 4 kb watchdog 4 kb i2c0 reserved apb0+0x 0000.0000 peripheral bus memory space (4) reserved apb0+0x 0000.1000 apb0+0x 0000.2000 apb0+0x 0000.3000 apb0+0x 0000.4000 apb0+0x 0000.5000 apb0+0x 0000.6000 apb0+0x 0000.7000 apb0+0x 0000.8000 apb0+0x 0000.9000 apb0+0x0000.a000 apb0+0x0 000.b000 apb0+0x0000.c000 apb0+0x0000.d000 apb0+0x0000.e000 apb0+0x0000.f000 apb1+0x 0000.1000 apb1+0x 0000.2000 apb1+0x 0000.3000 apb1+0x 0000.4000 apb1+0x 0000.5000 apb1+0x 0000.6000 apb1+0x 0000.7000 apb1+0x 0000.8000 apb1+0x 0000.9000 apb1+0x 0000.a000 apb1+0x0 000.b000 apb1+0x0000.c000 apb1+0x0000.d000 apb1+0x0000.e000 apb1+0x03ff. ffff reserved peripheral bus, non- buffered access (3) peripheral bus, buffered access (3) total 4 gb cpu memory space 0x0000.0000 main flash (bank 0), 256kb or 512kb secondary flash (bank 1), 32kb main flash (bank 0), 256kb or 512kb secondary flash (bank 1), 32kb order of the two flash memories is user defined. (1) default order optional order apb1+0x 0000.0000 apb0+0x 0001.0000 apb0+0x03ff. ffff apb base + offset apb1, ahb- to-apb bridge apb0, ahb- to-apb bridge
electrical characteristics str91xf 46/73 6 electrical characteristics 6.1 absolute maximum ratings this product contains devices to protect the inputs against damage due to high static voltages. however, it is advisable to take normal precautions to avoid application of any voltage higher than the specified maximum rated voltages. it is also recommended to ground any unused input pin to reduce power consumption and minimize noise. table 4. absolute maximum ratings note: stresses exceeding above listed recomm ended "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. this is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliabilit y. during overload conditions (v in >v ddq or v in str91xf electrical characteristics 47/73 6.2 operating conditions table 5. operating conditions notes:1 the v batt pin should be connected to v ddq if no battery is installed 6.3 lvd electrical characteristics v ddq = 2.7 - 3.6v, v dd = 1.65 - 2v, t a = -40 / 85 c unless otherwise specified. table 6. lvd electrical characteristics notes:1 for vddq i/o voltage operating at 2.7 - 3.3v. 2 for vddq i/o voltage operating at 3.0 - 3.6v. 3 selection of v ddq operation range is made using configuration software from st, or ide from 3rd parties. the default condition is v ddq =2.7v - 3.3v. symbol parameter test conditions value unit min max v dd digital cpu supply voltage 1.65 2.0 v v ddq digital i/o supply voltage 2.7 3.6 v v batt (1) sram backup and rtc supply voltage 2.5 3.6 v av dd analog adc supply voltage (128-pin package) 2.7 3.6 v av ref analog adc reference voltage (128-pin package) 1.0 3.6 v av ref_avdd combined analog adc reference and adc supply voltage (80-pin package) 2.7 3.6 v t a ambient temperature under bias -40 +85 c symbol parameter test conditions value unit min typ max v dd_lvd v dd lvd threshold 1.35 1.4 1.45 v v ddq_lvd v ddq lvd threshold (1) 2.35 2.4 2.45 v (2) 2.65 2.7 2.75 v dd_brn v dd brown out warning threshold 1.61.651.7 v v ddq_brn v ddq brown out warning threshold (1) 2.6 2.65 2.7 v (2) 2.9 2.95 3.0
electrical characteristics str91xf 48/73 6.4 dc electrical characteristics v ddq = 2.7 - 3.6v, v dd = 1.65 - 2v, t a = -40 / 85 c unless otherwise specified. table 7. dc electrical characteristics notes:1 input pins are 5v tolerant, max input voltage is 5.5v symbol parameter test conditions value unit min typ max v ih input high level general inputs 2.0 (1) v reset and tck inputs 0.8v ddq v il input low level general inputs 0.8 reset and tck inputs 0.2v ddq v hys input hysteresis schmitt trigger general inputs 0.4 v v oh output high level high current pins i/o ports 3 and 6: push-pull, i oh = 8ma v ddq -0.7 v output high level standard current pins i/o ports 0,1,2,4,5,7,8,9: push-pull, i oh = 4ma v ddq -0.7 v ol output low level high current pins i/o ports 3 and 6: push-pull, i ol = 8ma 0.4 v output low level standard current pins i/o ports 0,1,2,4,5,7,8,9: push-pull, i ol = 4ma 0.4
str91xf electrical characteristics 49/73 6.5 ac electrical characteristics v ddq = 2.7 - 3.6v, v dd = 1.65 - 2v, t a = -40 / 85 c unless otherwise specified. table 8. ac electrical characteristics notes:1 arm core and peripherals active with all clocks on. power can be conserved by turning off clocks to peripherals which are not required. 2 arm core stopped and all peripheral clocks active. 3 arm core stopped and all peripheral clocks stopped. 4 arm core and all peripheral clocks stopped (with exception of rtc). 5 current measured on the v dd pins. v ddq current is not included. figure 10. sleep mode current vs temperature symbol parameter test conditions value unit min typ max i ddrun run mode current all peripherals on cpu_clk = 96mhz [1] [5] 1.7 2.3 ma/ mhz all peripherals off 1.3 1.6 i idle idle mode current all peripherals on [2] [5] 1.14 1.7 ma/ mhz all peripherals off [3] [5] 0.45 0.75 ma/ mhz i sleep sleep mode current lvd on [4] [5] 55 825 a lvd off [4] [5] 50 820 a i rtc_stby rtc standby current measured on vbatt pin 0.3 0.9 a i sram_stby sram standby current measured on vbatt pin 5 85 a 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 -20 -40 idd[a] temp [c] typical max
electrical characteristics str91xf 50/73 table 9. ac electrical characteristics 6.6 reset_inn and power- on-reset characteristics v ddq = 2.7 - 3.6v, v dd = 1.65 - 2v, t a = -40 / 85 c unless otherwise specified. table 10. reset_inn and power-on-reset characteristics symbol parameter test conditions value unit min typ max f mstr ccu master clk output 32.768 96,000 khz f cpuclk cpu core frequency executing from sram 96 mhz executing from flash 96 mhz f pclk peripheral clock for apb 48 mhz f hclk peripheral clock for ahb 96 mhz f osc clock input 4 25 mhz f fmiclk fmi flash bus clock (internal clock) 96 mhz f bclk external memory bus clock (internal clock) 66 mhz f rtc rtc clock 32.768 khz f emac emac phy clock 25 mhz f usb usb clock 48 mhz symbol parameter test conditions value unit min typ max t rinmin reset_inn valid active low 100 ns t por power-on-reset condition duration v ddq ,v dd ramp time is less than 10ms 10 ms t rso reset_out duration (watchdog reset) one pclk ns
str91xf electrical characteristics 51/73 6.7 main oscillator elec trical characteristics v ddq = 2.7 - 3.6v, v dd = 1.65 - 2v, t a = -40 / 85 c unless otherwise specified. table 11. main oscillator electrical characteristics 6.8 rtc oscillator electrical characteristics v ddq = 2.7 - 3.6v, v dd = 1.65 - 2v, t a = -40 / 85 c unless otherwise specified. table 12. rtc oscillator electrical characteristics notes: 1 min oscillator star t voltage is the same as low voltage detect level (2.4v or 2.7v) for vddq table 13. rtc crystal electrical characteristics symbol parameter test conditions value unit min typ max t stup(osc) oscillator start-up time stable v ddq 3ms symbol parameter test conditions value unit min typ max g m(rtc) oscillator start _voltage lv d 1) v t stup(rtc) oscillator start-up time stable v ddq 1s symbol parameter test conditions value unit min typ max f o resonant frequency 32.768 khz r s series resistance 40 k ? c l load capacitance 8 pf
electrical characteristics str91xf 52/73 6.9 pll electrical characteristics v ddq = 2.7 - 3.6v, v dd = 1.65 - 2v, t a = -40 / 85 c unless otherwise specified. table 14. pll electrical characteristics symbol parameter test conditions value unit min typ max f pll pll output clock 6.25 96 mhz f osc clock input 4 25 mhz t lock pll lock time 300 1500 s ? t jitter pll jitter (peak to peak) 0.1 0.2 ns
str91xf electrical characteristics 53/73 6.10 flash memory characteristics v ddq = 2.7 - 3.6v, v dd = 1.65 - 2v, t a = -40 / 85 c unless otherwise specified. table 15. flash memory program/erase characteristics notes:1 str91xfx44 devices have 512 kbytes primary flash, str91xfx32 devices have 256 kbytes primary flash 2v dd = 1.8v, v ddq = 3.3v , t a = 25c. 3 flash read access for synchronou s addresses is 96 mhz maximum. 4 flash read access for asynchronous accesses re quires 2 wait states when fmi clock is above 66 mhz. see str91xf flash programming manual for more information. table 16. flash memory endurance parameter test conditions value unit typ 2) typ after 100k w/e cycles 2) max bank erase primary bank (512 kbytes) 1) 8911.5s primary bank (256 kbytes) 1) 44.56s secondary bank (32 kbytes) 700 750 950 ms sector erase of primary bank (64 kbytes) 1300 1400 1800 ms of secondary bank (8 kbytes) 300 320 450 ms bank program primary bank (512 kbytes) 1) 3700 4700 5100 ms primary bank (256 kbytes) 1) 1900 2000 2550 ms secondary bank (32 kbytes) 250 260 320 ms sector program of primary bank (64 kbytes) 500 520 640 ms of secondary bank (8 kbytes) 60 62 80 ms word program 8 9 11 s sector erase timeout s parameter test conditions value unit min typ max program/erase cycles per word 100k cycles data retention 20 years
electrical characteristics str91xf 54/73 6.11 emc characteristics susceptibility tests are performed on a sa mple basis during prod uct characterization. 6.11.1 functional ems (elect ro magnetic susceptibility) based on a simple running application on the product (toggling 2 leds through i/o ports), the product is stressed by two electro magnetic events until a failure occurs (indicated by the leds). esd : electro-static discharge (positive and negativ e) is applied on all pins of the device until a functional disturbance occurs. this test conforms with the iec 1000-4-2 standard. ftb : a burst of fast transient voltage (positive and negative) is applied to v dd, v ddq and v ss through a 100pf capacitor, until a functional disturbance occurs. this test conforms with the iec 1000-4-4 standard. a device reset allows normal operations to be resumed. table 17. ems data 6.11.2 electro magnetic interference (emi) based on a simple application running on the product (toggling 2 leds through the i/o ports), the product is monitored in terms of emission. th is emission test is in line with the norm sae j 1752/3 which specifies the board and the loading of each pin. table 18. emi data notes : 1. data based on characterization results, not tested in production. 2. bga and lqfp devices have similar emi characteristics. symbol parameter conditions neg. pos. unit v fesd voltage limits to be applied on any i/o pin to induce a functional disturbance v dd =1.8v, v ddq =3.3v, t a =+25c, f osc /f cpuclk =4 mhz/96mhz pll -1 (1) 1. data based on characterization results, not tested in production. >2 (1) kv v fftb fast transient voltage burst limits to be applied through 100pf on v dd and v ddq pins to induce a functional disturbance v dd =1.8v, v ddq =3.3v, t a =+25c, f osc /f cpuclk =4 mhz/96 mhz pll conforms to iec 1000-4-4 -4 (1) 4 (1) symbol parameter conditions monitored frequency band max vs. [f osc /f cpuclk ] unit 4 mhz/ 96 mhz s emi peak level v ddq = 3.3v, v dd = 1.8v, t a = +25c, lqfp128 package conforming to sae j 1752/3 0.1mhz to 30 mhz 10 db v 30 mhz to 130 mhz 10 130 mhz to 1ghz 22 sae emi level 4 -
str91xf electrical characteristics 55/73 6.11.3 absolute maximum ratin gs (electrical sensitivity) based on three different tests (esd, lu and dlu) using specific measurement methods, the product is stressed in order to determine its performance in terms of electrical sensitivity. for more details, refer to the application note an1181. 6.11.4 electro-static discharge (esd) electro-static discharges (3 positive then 3 negative pulses separated by 1 second) are applied to the pins of each sample according to each pin combination. the sample size depends on the number of supply pins in the device (3 parts*(n+1) supply pin). two models can be simulated: human body model and charge device model. this test conforms to the jesd22-a114a/a115a standard. table 19. esd absolute maximum ratings notes: 1. data based on characterization results, not tested in production. 6.11.5 static and dynamic latch-up lu : 3 complementary static tests are required on 10 parts to assess the latch-up performance. a supply overvoltage (applied to each power supply pin) and a current injection (applied to each input, output and configurable i/o pin) are performed on each sample. this test conforms to the eia/jesd 78 ic latch-up standard. for more details, refer to the application note an1181. dlu : electro-static discharges (one positive then one negative test) are applied to each pin of 3 samples when the micro is running to assess the latch-up performance in dynamic mode. power supplies are set to the typical va lues, the oscillator is connected as near as possible to the pins of the micro and the component is put in reset mode. this test conforms to the iec1000-4-2 and saej1752/3 standards. for more details, refer to the application note an1181. 6.11.6 designing hardened softwar e to avoid noise problems emc characterization and optimization are performed at component level with a typical application environment and simplified mcu software. it should be noted that good emc performance is highly dependent on the user application and the software in particular. therefore it is recommended that the user applies emc software optimization and prequalification tests in relation with the emc level requested for his application. software recommendations: the software flowchart must include the management of runaway conditions such as: corrupted program counter unexpected reset symbol ratings conditions maximum value 1) unit v esd(hbm) electro-static discharge voltage (human body model) t a = +25c +/-2000 v v esd(cdm) electro-static discharge voltage (charge device model) 1000
electrical characteristics str91xf 56/73 critical data corruption (control registers...) prequalification trials: most of the common failures (unexpected reset and program counter corruption) can be reproduced by manually forcin g a low state on the reset pin or the oscillator pins for 1 second. to complete these trials, esd stress can be applied directly on the device, over the range of specification values. when unexpected behavior is detected, the software can be hardened to prevent unrecoverable errors occurring (see application note an1015). 6.11.7 electrical sensitivities notes: 1. class description: a class is an stmicr oelectronics internal spec ification. all its limits are higher than the jedec specifications, that means when a device bel ongs to class a it exceeds the jedec st andard. b class strictly covers all the jedec criteria (international standard). 6.12 external memory bus timings v ddq = 2.7 - 3.6v, v dd = 1.65 - 2v, t a = -40 / 85 c, c l = 30 pf unless otherwise specified. table 20. emi bus clock period notes:1 the internal emi bus clock signal is available externally only on lfbga144 packages (ball m8), and not available on lqfp packages. 2 emi_ratio =1/ 2 by default (can be programmed to be 1 by setting the proper bits in the scu_clkcntr register) table 21. emi read operation symbol parameter conditions class 1) lu static latch-up class t a = +25c a dlu dynamic latch-up class v ddq = 3.3v, v dd = 1.8v, f osc /f cpuclk = 4 mhz/96 mhz a symbol parameter value t bclk emi bus clock period 1 /(f hclk x emi_ratio) symbol parameter value unit min max t rcr read to csn inactive -1 +1 ns t rp read pulse width (wstrd-wstoen+1) x t bclk - 1 (wstrd-wstoen+1) x t bclk + 1 ns t rds read data setup time 4 ns t rdh read data hold time 0 ns t ras read address setup time (wstoen) x t bclk - 1 (wstoen) x t bclk + 1 ns t rah read address hold time 0 ns t aw ale pulse width (ale_length) x t bclk - 1 (ale_length) x t bclk + 1 ns
str91xf electrical characteristics 57/73 notes:1 ale_length = 1 by default (can be programmed to be 2 by setting the bits in the scu_scr0 register) 2 wstrd = 1fh by default (rd wait state time = wstrd x t bclk , wstrd can be programmed in the emi_rcrx register) 3 wstoen = 1 by default (rd assertion delay from chip select. wstoen can be programmed in the emi_oecrx register) figure 11. non-mux bus (8-bit) read timings figure 12. mux bus (16-bit) read timings t aah address to ale hold time t bclk/2 - 1 t bclk/2 + 1 ns t aas address to ale setup time (ale_length) x t bclk - 1 ns symbol parameter value unit min max emi_ csx n emi_a[15:0] address data emi_d[7:0] emi_ rdn tras trp trdh tra h trcr trds emi_ csx n emi_a[23:16] address data emi_ad[15:0] emi_ rdn tras trp trdh tra h trcr trds emi_ a l e address taah ta as taw
electrical characteristics str91xf 58/73 table 22. emi write operation notes:1 ale_length = 1 by default (can be programmed to be 2 by setting the bits in the scu_scr0 register) 2 wstwr =1fh by default (wr wait state time = wstwr x t bclk , wstwr can be programmed in the emi_wcrx register) 3 wstwen= 0 by default (wr assertion delay from chip select. wstwen can be programmed in the emi_wecrx register) 4 when the cpu executes a 16-bit write to a x8 emi bus, the second write cycle's address setup time is defined as t was =(wstwen - ?) x t bclk symbol parameter test conditions value unit min max t wcr wrn to csn inactive (t bclk /2) - 1 (t bclk /2) +1 ns t wp write pulse width (wstwr-wstwen + 1) x t bclk - 1 (wstwr-wstwen + 1) x t bclk + 1 ns t wds write data setup time (non-mux mode) (wstwen + 1/2) x t bclk ns write data setup time (mux mode ) ale length=1 wstwen>2 (wstwen - 1.5) x t bclk ale length=2 wstwen>3 (wstwen - 2.5) x t bclk t wdh write data hold time (t bclk /2) - 1 (t bclk /2) + 1 ns t was write address setup time (wstwen + 1/2) x t bclk -1 4) (wstwen + 1/2) x t bclk +1 4) ns t wah write address hold time t bclk /2 ns t aw ale pulse width (ale_length x t bclk )-1 (ale_length x t bclk ) +1 ns t aah address to ale hold time (t bclk /2) -1 (t bclk /2) + 1 ns t aas address to ale setup time (ale_length x t bclk )- 1 ns
str91xf electrical characteristics 59/73 figure 13. non-mux bus (8-bit) write timings figure 14. mux bus (16-bit) write timings twcr twah twdh twp address data twas twds emi_csxn emi_a[15:0] emi_d[7:0] emi_bwr_wrln emi_ csx n emi_a[23:16] address data emi_ad[15:0] emi_ w rl n emi_ w rhn twas twp twdh twah twcr twds emi_ a l e address ta ah ta as taw
electrical characteristics str91xf 60/73 6.13 adc electrical characteristics v ddq = 2.7 - 3.6v, v dd = 1.65 - 2v, t a = -40 / 85 c unless otherwise specified. table 23. adc electrical characteristics notes:1 conditions: a vss = 0 v, av dd = 3.3 v f adc = 25 mhz. 2 the a/d is monotonic, there are no missing codes. 3 1 lsb = (v dda - v ssa )/1024 symbol parameter test conditions value unit min typ max v ain input voltage range 0 av ref v res resolution 10 bits n ch number of input channels 8 n f adc adc clock frequency 25 mhz por bit set to standby mode 500 ms conversion time f adc = 25 mhz 0.7 s throughput rate f adc = 25 mhz 1400 ksps c in input capacitance 5 pf e d differential non-linearity [1] [2] 1 3 lsb[3] e l integral non-linearity [1] 3 6 lsb e o offset error [1] 3 6 lsb e g gain error [1] 0.5 2 lsb e t absolute error [1] 4 6 lsb i adc power consumption 4.6 6 ma
str91xf electrical characteristics 61/73 figure 15. adc conversion characteristics e o e g 1lsb ideal 1lsb ideal v dda v ssa ? 1024 ---------------------------------------- - = v in (lsb ideal ) (1) example of an actual transfer curve (2) the ideal transfer curve (3) end point correlation line e t =total unadjusted error: maximum deviation between the actual and the ide- al transfer curves. e o =offset error: deviation between the first actual transition and the first ideal one. e g =gain error: deviation between the last ideal transition and the last actual one. e d =differential linearity error: maximum deviation between actual steps and the ideal one. e l =integral linearity error: maximum deviation between any actual transition and the end point correlation line. digital result 1023 1022 1021 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 1234567 1021 1022 1023 1024 (1) (2) e t e d e l (3) v dda v ssa
electrical characteristics str91xf 62/73 6.14 communication interface electrical characteristics 6.14.1 10/100 ethernet mac electrical characteristics v ddq = 2.7 - 3.6v, v dd = 1.65 - 2v, t a = -40 / 85 c unless otherwise specified. ethernet mii interface timings figure 16. mii_rx_clk and mii_tx_clk timing diagram table 24. mii_rx_clk and mii_tx_clk timing table figure 17. mdc timing diagram table 25. mdc timing table ethernet mii management timings figure 18. ethernet mii management timing diagram symbol parameter symbol value unit min max 1 cycle time t c (clk) 40 ns 2 pulse duration high t high (clk) 40% 60% 3 pulse duration low t low (clk) 40% 60% 4 transition time t t (clk) 1ns symbol parameter symbol value unit min max 1 cycle time t c (mdc) 266 ns 2 pulse duration high t high (mdc) 40% 60% 3 pulse duration low t low (mdc) 40% 60% 4 transition time t t (mdc) 1ns mii_rx_tclk, mii_tx_clk 1 2 3 4 4 1 2 3 4 4 mdc 1 2 3 mdc mdio output mdio input
str91xf electrical characteristics 63/73 table 26. ethernet mii management timing table ethernet mii transmit timings figure 19. ethernet mii transmit timing diagram table 27. ethernet mii transmit timing table symbol parameter symbol value unit min max 1 mdio delay from rising edge of mdc t c (mdio) 2.83 ns 2 mdio setup time to rising edge of mdc t su (mdio) 2.70 ns 3 mdio hold time from rising edge of mdc t h (mdio) -2.03 ns symbol parameter symbol value unit min max 1 mii_tx_clk high to mii_tx_en valid t val (mii_tx_en) 4.20 ns 2 mii_tx_clk high to mii_tx_en invalid t inval (mii_tx_en) 4.86 ns 3 mii_crs valid to mii_tx_clk high t su (mii_crs) 0.61 ns 4 mii_tx_clk high to mii_crs invalid t h (mii_crs) 0.00 ns 5 mii_col valid to mii_tx_clk high t su (mii_col) 0.81 ns 6 mii_tx_clk high to mii_col invalid t h (mii_col) 0.00 ns 7 mii_tx_clk high to mii_txd valid t val (mii_txd) 5.02 ns 8 mii_txclk high to mii_txd invalid t inval (mii_txd 5.02 ns 1 3 5 7 8 2 4 6 mii_tx_clk mii_tx_en mii_crs mii_col mii_txd
electrical characteristics str91xf 64/73 ethernet mii receive timings figure 20. ethernet mii receive timing diagram figure 21. ethernet mii receive timing table 6.14.2 usb electrical inte rface characteristics usb 2.0 compliant in full speed mode 6.14.3 can interface elect rical characteristics conforms to can 2.0b protocol specification symbol parameter symbol value unit min max 1 mii_rxd valid to mii_rx_clk high t su (mii_rxd) 0.81 ns 2 mii_rx_clk high to mii_rxd invalid t h (mii_rxd) 0.00 ns 1 2 mii_rx_clk mii_rxd mii_rx_dv mii_rx_er
str91xf electrical characteristics 65/73 6.14.4 i 2 c electrical characteristics v ddq = 2.7 - 3.6v, v dd = 1.65 - 2v, t a = -40 / 85 c unless otherwise specified. table 28. i 2 c electrical characteristics notes:1 the device must internally provide a hold time of at least 300 ns for the sda signal in order to bridge the undefined region of the falling edge of scl 2 the maximum hold time of the start condition ha s only to be met if the interface does not stretch the low period of scl signal 3c b = total capacitance of one bus line in pf symbol parameter standard i 2 c fast i 2 c unit minmaxminmax t buf bus free time between a stop and start condition 4.7 1.3 ms t hd:sta hold time start condition. after this period, the first clock pulse is generated 4.0 0.6 s t low low period of the scl clock 4.7 1.3 s t high high period of the scl clock 4.0 0.6 s t su:sta set-up time for a repeated start condition 4.7 0.6 s t hd:dat data hold time 0 0 ns t su:dat data set-up time 250 100 ns t r rise time of both sda and scl signals 1000 20+0.1c b 300 ns t f fall time of both sda and scl signals 300 20+0.1c b 300 ns t su:sto set-up time for stop condition 4.0 0.6 s c b capacitive load for each bus line 400 400 pf
electrical characteristics str91xf 66/73 6.14.5 spi electrical characteristics v ddq = 2.7 - 3.6v, v dd = 1.65 - 2v, t a = -40 / 85 c unless otherwise specified. table 29. spi electrical characteristics figure 22. spi slave timing diagram with cpha=0 symbol parameter test conditions value unit typ max f sclk 1/t c(sclk) spi clock frequency master 24 mhz slave 4 t r(sclk) spi clock rise and fall times 50pf load 0.1 v/ns t f(sclk) t su(ss) ss setup time slave 1 t pclk t h(ss) ss hold time slave 1 t w(sclkh) t w(sclkl) sclk high and low time master slave 1 t su(mi) t su(si) data input setup time master slave 5 t h(mi) t h(si) data input hold time master slave 6 t a(so) data output access time slave 6 t dis(so) data output disable time slave 6 t v(so) data output valid time slave (after enable edge) 6 t h(so) data output hold time 0 t v(mo) data output valid time master (before capture edge) 0.25 t h(mo) data output hold time 0.25 nss input sclk input cpha=0 mosi input miso output cpha=0 t c(sclk) t w(sclkh) t w(sclkl) t r(sclk) t f(sclk) t v(so) t a(so) t su(si) t h(si) msb out msb in bit6 out lsb in lsb out cpol=0 cpol=1 t su(nss) t h(nss) t dis(so) t h(so) bit1 in
str91xf electrical characteristics 67/73 figure 23. spi slave timing diagram with cpha=1 figure 24. spi master timing diagram nss input sclk input cpha=1 mosi input miso output cpha=1 t w(sclkh) t w(sclkl) t r(sclk) t f(sclk) t a(so) t su(si) t h(si) msb out bit6 out lsb out cpol=0 cpol=1 t su( nss ) t h( nss ) t dis(so) t h(so) t c(sclk) hz t v(so) msb in lsb in bit1 in nss input sclk ioutput cpha=0 mosi output miso input cpha=0 cpha=1 cpha=1 t c(sclk) t w(sclkh) t w(sclkl) t h(mi) t su(mi) t v(mo) t h(mo) msb in msb out bit6 in bit6 out lsb out lsb in cpol=0 cpol=1 cpol=0 cpol=1 t r(sclk) t f(sclk)
package mechanical data str91xf 68/73 7 package mechanical data figure 25. 80-pin low profile quad flat package 128-pin low profile quad flat package 20 21 40 41 60 61 80 e1 e d1 d 1 b e e3 d3 pin 1 identification 0.25 mm gage plane a1 l l1 k a a2 a1 b c seating plane c c ccc dim. mm inches min typ max min typ max a 1.60 0.063 a1 0.05 0.15 0.002 0.006 a2 1.35 1.40 1.45 0.053 0.055 0.057 b 0.17 0.22 0.27 0.007 0.009 0.011 c 0.09 0.20 0.004 0.008 d 14.00 0.551 d1 12.00 0.472 d2 9.50 0.374 e 14.00 0.551 e1 12.00 0.472 e2 9.50 0.374 e 0.50 0.020 l 0.45 0.60 0.75 0.018 0.024 0.030 l1 1.00 0.039 k0d7d0d7d ddd 0.08 0.003 number of pins n80 a a2 a1 b c 32 33 64 65 96 97 128 e1 e d1 d 1 b e e3 d3 pin 1 identification seating plane c 0.25 mm gage plane a1 l l1 k c ccc dim. mm inches min typ max min typ max a 1.60 0.063 a1 0.05 0.15 0.002 0.006 a2 1.35 1.40 1.45 0.053 0.055 0.057 b 0.13 0.18 0.23 0.005 0.007 0.009 c 0.09 0.20 0.004 0.008 d 15.80 16.00 16.20 0.622 0.630 0.638 d1 13.80 14.00 14.20 0.543 0.551 0.559 d3 12.40 0.488 e 15.80 16.00 16.20 0.622 0.630 0.638 e1 13.80 14.00 14.20 0.543 0.551 0.559 e3 12.40 0.488 e 0.40 0.016 l 0.45 0.60 0.75 0.018 0.024 0.030 l1 1.00 0.039 k 0d3.5d7d 0d3.5d7d ccc 0.08 0.003 number of pins n 128
str91xf package mechanical data 69/73 7.1 thermal characteristics the average chip-junction temperature, t j must never exceed 125 c. the average chip-junction temperature, t j , in degrees celsius, may be calculated using the following equation: t j = t a + (p d x ja )(1) where: ?t a is the ambient temperature in c, ? ja is the package junction-to-ambient thermal resistance, in c/w, ?p d is the sum of p int and p i/o (p d = p int + p i/o ), ?p int is the product of i dd and v dd , expressed in watts. this is the chip internal power. p i/o represents the power dissipation on input and output pins; most of the time for the applications p i/o < p int and may be neglected. on the other hand, p i/o may be significant if the device is configured to drive continuously external modules and/or memories. the worst case p int of the str91xf is 500mw (i dd x v dd , or 250ma x 2.0v). an approximate relationship between p d and t j (if p i/o is neglected) is given by: p d = k / (t j + 273c) (2) therefore (solving equations 1 and 2): k = p d x (t a + 273c) + ja x p d 2 (3) where: ? k is a constant for the particular part, which may be determined from equation (3) by measuring p d (at equilibrium) for a known t a. using this value of k, the values of p d and t j may be obtained by solving equations (1) and (2) iteratively for any value of t a . table 30. thermal characteristics symbol parameter value unit ja thermal resistance junction-ambient lqfp 80 - 12 x 12 mm / 0.5 mm pitch 41.5 c/w ja thermal resistance junction-ambient lqfp128 - 14 x 14 mm / 0.4 mm pitch 38 c/w
ordering information str91xf 70/73 8 ordering information table 31. ordering information part number flash kb ra m kb major peripherals package 1) str910fm32x6 256+32 64 can, 40 i/os lqfp80, 12x12 mm str910fw32x6 256+32 64 can, emi, 80 i/os lqfp128, 14x14 mm str911fm42x6 256+32 96 usb, can, 40 i/os lqfp80, 12x12mm str911fm44x6 512+32 96 str912fw42x6 256+32 96 ethernet, usb, can, emi, 80 i/os lqfp128 str912fw44x6 512+32 96
str91xf ordering information 71/73 table 32. ordering information scheme str912fw44x6t family arm9 microcontroller family series 1 = str9 series 1 feature set 0 = can, uart, irda, i2c, ssp 1 = usb, can, uart, irda, i2c, ssp 2 = usb, can, uart, irda, i2c, ssp, ethernet memory type f = flash sram size 3 = 64k 4 = 96k program memory size 2 = 256k 4 = 512k package x = plastic lqfp temperature range 6 = -40 to 85c shipping option t = tape & reel packing for a list of available options (e.g. speed, package) or for further information on any aspect of this device, please contact the st sales office nearest to you. example: no. of pins m = 80 w = 128
revision history str91xf 72/73 9 revision history date revision changes 12-apr-2006 1 initial release 28-june-2006 2 added lfbga144 package updated electrical characteristics section 04-sep-2006 3 changed number of gpios in 80 pin packge to 40 changed emi_rdyn pin name to emi_waitn added rtc clock to description of jrtck in ta bl e 3 uart max baud rate changed to 1.5 mbps in section 2.20 on page 26 modified figure 2: clock control on page 15 01-feb-2007 4 removed lfbga144 package, (transferred to separate str91xfa datasheet).
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